PMID- 33465664
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210426
LR  - 20210426
IS  - 1873-6750 (Electronic)
IS  - 0160-4120 (Linking)
VI  - 148
DP  - 2021 Mar
TI  - Long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and metabolic syndrome in children 
      and adolescents: A national cross-sectional study in China.
PG  - 106383
LID - S0160-4120(21)00007-6 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106383 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) rapidly increased over 
      the past decades. However, little evidence exists about the effects of long-term 
      exposure to ambient air pollution on MetS in children and adolescents. OBJECTIVE: 
      This study aims to assess the association between long-term ambient air pollution 
      and the prevalence of MetS in a large population of Chinese children and 
      adolescents. METHODS: In 2013, a total of 9,897 children and adolescents aged 10 
      to 18 years were recruited from seven provinces/municipalities in China. MetS was 
      defined based on the recommendation by the International Diabetes Federation 
      (IDF). Satellite based spatio-temporal models were used to estimate exposure to 
      ambient air pollution (including particles with diameters </=1.0 microm (PM(1)), 
      </=2.5 microm (PM(2.5)), and </=10 microm (PM(10)), and nitrogen dioxide (NO(2))). Individual 
      exposure was calculated according to 94 schools addresses. After adjustment for a 
      range of covariates, generalized linear mixed-effects models were utilized to 
      evaluate the associations between air pollutants and the prevalence of MetS and 
      its components. In addition, several stratified analyses were examined according 
      to sex, weight status, outdoor physical activity time, and sugar-sweetened 
      beverages (SSBs) intake. RESULTS: The prevalence of MetS was 2.8%. The odds ratio 
      of MetS associated with a 10 mug/m(3) increase in PM(1), PM(2.5), PM(10) and NO(2) 
      was 1.20 (95%CI: 0.99, 1.46), 1.31 (95%CI: 1.05, 1.64), 1.32 (95%CI: 1.08, 1.62), 
      and 1.33 (95%CI: 1.03, 1.72), respectively. Regarding the MetS components, we 
      observed associations between all pollutants and abdominal obesity. In addition, 
      long-term PM(1) and NO(2) exposures were associated with the prevalence of 
      elevated fasting blood glucose. Stratified analyses detected that the 
      associations between air pollutants and the prevalence of MetS were stronger in 
      boys (P(interaction) < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: We found that long-term exposure to 
      PM(2.5), PM(10), and NO(2) were positively associated with the prevalence of MetS 
      in children and adolescents. Our findings may have certain public health 
      implications for some comprehensive strategy of environment improvement and 
      lifestyles changes in order to reduce the burden of non-communicable disease.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, Jing-Shu
AU  - Zhang JS
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
FAU - Gui, Zhao-Huan
AU  - Gui ZH
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
FAU - Zou, Zhi-Yong
AU  - Zou ZY
AD  - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, School of Public 
      Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 
      100191, China.
FAU - Yang, Bo-Yi
AU  - Yang BY
AD  - Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, 
      Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and 
      Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public 
      Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
FAU - Ma, Jun
AU  - Ma J
AD  - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, School of Public 
      Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 
      100191, China.
FAU - Jing, Jin
AU  - Jing J
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
FAU - Wang, Hai-Jun
AU  - Wang HJ
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Peking 
      University, Beijing 100191, China.
FAU - Luo, Jia-You
AU  - Luo JY
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Central South 
      University, Changsha 410078, China.
FAU - Zhang, Xin
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.
FAU - Luo, Chun-Yan
AU  - Luo CY
AD  - Shanghai Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai Institutes 
      of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai 200336, China.
FAU - Wang, Hong
AU  - Wang H
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health and Management, 
      Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China.
FAU - Zhao, Hai-Ping
AU  - Zhao HP
AD  - School of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, 
      750004, China.
FAU - Pan, De-Hong
AU  - Pan DH
AD  - Liaoning Health Supervision Bureau, Shenyang 110005, China.
FAU - Bao, Wen-Wen
AU  - Bao WW
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
FAU - Guo, Yu-Ming
AU  - Guo YM
AD  - Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and 
      Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
FAU - Ma, Ying-Hua
AU  - Ma YH
AD  - Institute of Child and Adolescent Health, Peking University, School of Public 
      Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, Beijing 
      100191, China. Electronic address: yinghuama@bjmu.edu.cn.
FAU - Dong, Guang-Hui
AU  - Dong GH
AD  - Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health Risk Assessment, 
      Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental and 
      Health Risk Assessment, Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public 
      Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Electronic address: 
      donggh5@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
FAU - Chen, Ya-Jun
AU  - Chen YJ
AD  - Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen 
      University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Electronic address: 
      chenyj68@mail.sysu.edu.cn.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210119
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Int
JT  - Environment international
JID - 7807270
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Particulate Matter)
RN  - S7G510RUBH (Nitrogen Dioxide)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adolescent
MH  - *Air Pollutants/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - *Air Pollution/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Child
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Cities
MH  - Cross-Sectional Studies
MH  - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - *Metabolic Syndrome/epidemiology/etiology
MH  - Nitrogen Dioxide/analysis
MH  - Particulate Matter/adverse effects/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Adolescents
OT  - Air pollution
OT  - Children
OT  - Metabolic syndrome
EDAT- 2021/01/20 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/27 06:00
CRDT- 2021/01/19 20:12
PHST- 2020/10/02 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/28 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/01/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/27 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/19 20:12 [entrez]
AID - S0160-4120(21)00007-6 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106383 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Int. 2021 Mar;148:106383. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106383. Epub 2021 
      Jan 19.