PMID- 33480205
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210203
IS  - 1738-6586 (Print)
IS  - 2005-5013 (Electronic)
IS  - 1738-6586 (Linking)
VI  - 17
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan
TI  - Validation of a New Screening Tool for Dementia: The Simple Observation Checklist 
      for Activities of Daily Living.
PG  - 106-112
LID - 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.1.106 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Screening tests for dementia such as the Mini Mental 
      State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment are widely used, 
      but there are drawbacks to their efficient use. There remains a need for a brief 
      and easy method of assessing the activities of daily living (ADL) that can be 
      administered to elderly individuals by healthcare workers. We have therefore 
      developed a new scale named the Simple Observation Checklist for Activities of 
      Daily Living (SOC-ADL). METHODS: We developed the SOC-ADL scale as a team of 
      experts engaged in caring for individuals with dementia. This scale comprises 
      eight items and was designed based on the Korean instrumental activities of daily 
      living (K-IADL) scale and the Barthel activities of daily living scale (Barthel 
      Index). The new scale was validated by enrolling 176 patients with cognitive 
      dysfunction across 6 centers. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory 
      factor analysis (EFA) were performed. We assessed its concurrent validity by 
      performing comparisons with the Korean-MMSE, Clinical Dementia Rating, Clinical 
      Dementia Rating-Sum of Boxes, K-IADL, and Barthel Index, and its criterion 
      validity by performing comparisons between mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 
      dementia. We also used Cronbach's alpha to assess the interitem reliability. The 
      appropriate cutoff values were determined by analyzing receiver operating 
      characteristic curves, including the areas underneath them. RESULTS: EFA 
      extracted one factor and CFA revealed that all of the model fits exceeded the 
      minimum acceptable criteria. The SOC-ADL scores were strongly correlated with 
      those of the other tools for dementia and could be used to differentiate MCI from 
      dementia. Cronbach's alpha values indicated that the results were reliable. The 
      optimal cutoff value of the SOC-ADL for discriminating dementia from MCI was 3 
      points, which provided a sensitivity and specificity of 74.5% and 75.7%, 
      respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that the SOC-ADL is a valid 
      and reliable tool for differentiating dementia from MCI based on an assessment of 
      ADL. This new tool can be used for screening ADL in elderly subjects who have 
      difficulty communicating, and to increase the efficiency of dementia screening at 
      the population level.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Korean Neurological Association.
FAU - Park, Jinse
AU  - Park J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8738-5422
AD  - Department of Neurology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University, Busan, Korea.
FAU - Choi, Hojin
AU  - Choi H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9637-4423
AD  - Department of Neurology, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Guri, Korea. 
      chj@hanyang.ac.kr.
FAU - Jang, Jea Won
AU  - Jang JW
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3540-530X
AD  - Department of Neurology, Kangwon National University Hospital, Kangwon National 
      University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
FAU - Lim, Jae Sung
AU  - Lim JS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6157-2908
AD  - Department of Neurology, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym 
      Neurological Institute, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea.
FAU - Yang, YoungSoon
AU  - Yang Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-2448-2599
AD  - Department of Neurology, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Lee, Chan Nyoung
AU  - Lee CN
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1285-4658
AD  - Department of Neurology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
FAU - Park, Kee Hyung
AU  - Park KH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6847-6679
AD  - Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical 
      Center, Incheon, Korea.
LA  - eng
GR  - Eisai Korea/Korea
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - J Clin Neurol
JT  - Journal of clinical neurology (Seoul, Korea)
JID - 101252374
PMC - PMC7840314
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - activities of daily living
OT  - dementia
OT  - diagnostic screening program
COIS- The authors have no potential conflicts of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2021/01/23 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/23 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/01/22 06:32
PHST- 2020/07/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/10/25 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/10/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/22 06:32 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/23 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/23 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 17.106 [pii]
AID - 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.1.106 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Clin Neurol. 2021 Jan;17(1):106-112. doi: 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.1.106.