PMID- 33490010
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210514
LR  - 20230919
IS  - 2296-2565 (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-2565 (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2020
TI  - A Call to Action. A Critical Review of Mental Health Related Anti-stigma 
      Campaigns.
PG  - 569539
LID - 10.3389/fpubh.2020.569539 [doi]
LID - 569539
AB  - Using a knowledge-attitudes-behavior practice (KABP) paradigm, professionals have 
      focused on educating the public in biomedical explanations of mental illness. 
      Especially in high-income countries, it is now common for education-based 
      campaigns to also include some form of social contact and to be tailored to key 
      groups. However, and despite over 20 years of high-profile national campaigns 
      (e.g., Time to Change in England; Beyond Blue in Australia), examinations suggest 
      that the public continue to Other those with experiences of mental ill-health. 
      Furthermore, evaluations of anti-stigma programs are found to have weak- to no 
      significant long-term effects, and serious concerns have been raised over their 
      possible unintended consequences. Accordingly, this article critically re-engages 
      with the literature. We evidence that there have been systematic issues in 
      problem conceptualization. Namely, the KABP paradigm does not respond to the 
      multiple forms of knowledge embodied in every life, often outside conscious 
      awareness. Furthermore, we highlight how a singular focus on addressing the 
      public's perceived deficits in professionalized forms of knowledge has sustained 
      public practices which divide between "us" and "them." In addition, we show that 
      practitioners have not fully appreciated the social processes which Other 
      individuals with experiences of mental illness, nor how these processes motivate 
      the public to maintain distance from those perceived to embody this devalued form 
      of social identity. Lastly, we suggest methodological tools which would allow 
      public health professionals to fully explore these identity-related social 
      processes. Whilst some readers may be frustrated by the lack of clear solutions 
      provided in this paper, given the serious unintended consequences of anti-stigma 
      campaigns, we caution against making simplified statements on how to correct 
      public health campaigns. Instead, this review should be seen as a call to action. 
      We hope that by fully exploring these processes, we can develop new interventions 
      rooted in the ways the public make sense of mental health and illness.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Walsh and Foster.
FAU - Walsh, Daniel Alexander Benjamin
AU  - Walsh DAB
AD  - King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
FAU - Foster, Juliet Louise Hallam
AU  - Foster JLH
AD  - King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210108
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Public Health
JT  - Frontiers in public health
JID - 101616579
SB  - IM
MH  - Australia
MH  - England
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Mental Disorders
MH  - *Mental Health
MH  - Social Stigma
PMC - PMC7820374
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - contact theory
OT  - emotion
OT  - implicit
OT  - mental health
OT  - mental illness
OT  - public health campaigns
OT  - public health education and health promotion
OT  - stigma
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/01/26 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/15 06:00
PMCR- 2021/01/08
CRDT- 2021/01/25 05:44
PHST- 2020/06/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/25 05:44 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/26 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/08 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpubh.2020.569539 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Public Health. 2021 Jan 8;8:569539. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.569539. 
      eCollection 2020.