PMID- 33506620
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220331
LR  - 20220401
IS  - 1865-1682 (Electronic)
IS  - 1865-1674 (Linking)
VI  - 69
IP  - 2
DP  - 2022 Mar
TI  - Modelling the transmission and vaccination strategy for porcine reproductive and 
      respiratory syndrome virus.
PG  - 485-500
LID - 10.1111/tbed.14007 [doi]
AB  - Many aspects of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) 
      between-farm transmission dynamics have been investigated, but uncertainty 
      remains about the significance of farm type and different transmission routes on 
      PRRSV spread. We developed a stochastic epidemiological model calibrated on 
      weekly PRRSV outbreaks accounting for the population dynamics in different pig 
      production phases, breeding herds, gilt development units, nurseries and finisher 
      farms, of three hog producer companies. Our model accounted for indirect contacts 
      by the close distance between farms (local transmission), between-farm animal 
      movements (pig flow) and reinfection of sow farms (re-break). The fitted model 
      was used to examine the effectiveness of vaccination strategies and complementary 
      interventions such as enhanced PRRSV detection and vaccination delays and 
      forecast the spatial distribution of PRRSV outbreak. The results of our analysis 
      indicated that for sow farms, 59% of the simulated infections were related to 
      local transmission (e.g. airborne, feed deliveries, shared equipment) whereas 36% 
      and 5% were related to animal movements and re-break, respectively. For nursery 
      farms, 80% of infections were related to animal movements and 20% to local 
      transmission; while at finisher farms, it was split between local transmission 
      and animal movements. Assuming that the current vaccines are 1% effective in 
      mitigating between-farm PRRSV transmission, weaned pigs vaccination would reduce 
      the incidence of PRRSV outbreaks by 3%, indeed under any scenario vaccination 
      alone was insufficient for completely controlling PRRSV spread. Our results also 
      showed that intensifying PRRSV detection and/or vaccination pigs at placement 
      increased the effectiveness of all simulated vaccination strategies. Our model 
      reproduced the incidence and PRRSV spatial distribution; therefore, this model 
      could also be used to map current and future farms at-risk. Finally, this model 
      could be a useful tool for veterinarians, allowing them to identify the effect of 
      transmission routes and different vaccination interventions to control PRRSV 
      spread.
CI  - (c) 2021 Wiley-VCH GmbH.
FAU - Galvis, Jason A
AU  - Galvis JA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2811-7684
AD  - Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Raleigh, NC, USA.
FAU - Corzo, Cesar A
AU  - Corzo CA
AD  - Veterinary Population Medicine Department, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA.
FAU - Prada, Joaquin M
AU  - Prada JM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4699-5931
AD  - School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University 
      of Surrey, Guildford, UK.
FAU - Machado, Gustavo
AU  - Machado G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7552-6144
AD  - Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, 
      Raleigh, NC, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - University global partnership netwrok/
GR  - 2020-67021-32462/United States Department of Agriculture National Institute of 
      Food and Agriculture/
GR  - Swine Health Information Center/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210309
PL  - Germany
TA  - Transbound Emerg Dis
JT  - Transboundary and emerging diseases
JID - 101319538
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control/veterinary
MH  - Farms
MH  - Female
MH  - *Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/epidemiology/prevention & control
MH  - *Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus
MH  - Swine
MH  - *Swine Diseases
MH  - Vaccination/veterinary
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - PRRSV
OT  - disease spread
OT  - disease surveillance
OT  - mechanistic modelling
OT  - swine
OT  - transmission dynamics
EDAT- 2021/01/29 06:00
MHDA- 2022/04/01 06:00
CRDT- 2021/01/28 05:49
PHST- 2021/01/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/09/13 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/04/01 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/28 05:49 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/tbed.14007 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Transbound Emerg Dis. 2022 Mar;69(2):485-500. doi: 10.1111/tbed.14007. Epub 2021 
      Mar 9.