PMID- 33507402
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240806
IS  - 2199-1170 (Print)
IS  - 2198-9761 (Electronic)
IS  - 2198-9761 (Linking)
VI  - 7
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan 28
TI  - The Effect of Consuming Carbohydrate With and Without Protein on the Rate of 
      Muscle Glycogen Re-synthesis During Short-Term Post-exercise Recovery: a 
      Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
PG  - 9
LID - 10.1186/s40798-020-00297-0 [doi]
LID - 9
AB  - BACKGROUND: Rapid restoration of muscle glycogen stores is imperative for 
      athletes undertaking consecutive strenuous exercise sessions with limited 
      recovery time (e.g. </= 8 h). Strategies to optimise muscle glycogen re-synthesis 
      in this situation are essential. This two-part systematic review and 
      meta-analysis investigated the effect of consuming carbohydrate (CHO) with and 
      without protein (PRO) on the rate of muscle glycogen re-synthesis during 
      short-term post-exercise recovery (</= 8 h). METHODS: Studies were identified via 
      the online databases Web of Science and Scopus. Investigations that measured 
      muscle glycogen via needle biopsy during recovery (with the first measurement 
      taken </= 30 min post-exercise and at least one additional measure taken </= 8 h 
      post-exercise) following a standardised exercise bout (any type) under the 
      following control vs. intervention conditions were included in the meta-analysis: 
      part 1, water (or non-nutrient beverage) vs. CHO, and part 2, CHO vs. CHO+PRO. 
      Publications were examined for methodological quality using the Rosendal scale. 
      Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression analyses were conducted to 
      evaluate intervention efficacy. RESULTS: Overall, 29 trials (n = 246 
      participants) derived from 21 publications were included in this review. The 
      quality assessment yielded a Rosendal score of 61 +/- 8% (mean +/- standard 
      deviation). Part 1: 10 trials (n = 86) were reviewed. Ingesting CHO during 
      recovery (1.02 +/- 0.4 g.kg body mass (BM)(-1) h(-1)) improved the rate of muscle 
      glycogen re-synthesis compared with water; change in muscle glycogen (MG(Delta)) 
      re-synthesis rate = 23.5 mmol.kg dm(-1) h(-1), 95% CI 19.0-27.9, p < 0.001; I(2) 
      = 66.8%. A significant positive correlation (R(2) = 0.44, p = 0.027) was observed 
      between interval of CHO administration (</= hourly vs. > hourly) and the mean 
      difference in rate of re-synthesis between treatments. Part 2: 19 trials (n = 
      160) were reviewed. Ingesting CHO+PRO (CHO: 0.86 +/- 0.2 g.kg BM(-1) h(-1); PRO: 
      0.27 +/- 0.1 g.kg BM(-1) h(-1)) did not improve the rate of muscle glycogen 
      re-synthesis compared to CHO alone (0.95 +/- 0.3 g.kg BM(-1) h(-1)); MG(Delta) 
      re-synthesis rate = 0.4 mmol.kg  dm(-1) h(-1), 95% CI -2.7 to 3.4, p = 0.805; 
      I(2) = 56.4%. CONCLUSIONS: Athletes with limited time for recovery between 
      consecutive exercise sessions should prioritise regular intake of CHO, while 
      co-ingesting PRO with CHO appears unlikely to enhance (or impede) the rate of 
      muscle glycogen re-synthesis. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Registered at the International 
      Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) (identification code 
      CRD42020156841 ).
FAU - Craven, Jonathan
AU  - Craven J
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0794-7515
AD  - School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, 4222, 
      Queensland, Australia. j.craven@griffith.edu.au.
FAU - Desbrow, Ben
AU  - Desbrow B
AD  - School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, 4222, 
      Queensland, Australia.
FAU - Sabapathy, Surendran
AU  - Sabapathy S
AD  - School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, 4222, 
      Queensland, Australia.
FAU - Bellinger, Phillip
AU  - Bellinger P
AD  - School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, 4222, 
      Queensland, Australia.
AD  - Queensland Academy of Sport, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.
AD  - Griffith Sports Physiology and Performance, Griffith University, Gold Coast, 
      Queensland, Australia.
FAU - McCartney, Danielle
AU  - McCartney D
AD  - School of Psychology, Faculty of Science, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South 
      Wales, Australia.
FAU - Irwin, Christopher
AU  - Irwin C
AD  - School of Allied Health Sciences, Griffith University, Southport, 4222, 
      Queensland, Australia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Systematic Review
DEP - 20210128
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Sports Med Open
JT  - Sports medicine - open
JID - 101662568
PMC - PMC7843684
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Athletes
OT  - Glycogen replenishment
OT  - Nutrition
COIS- The authors Jonathan Craven, Ben Desbrow, Surendran Sabapathy, Phillip Bellinger, 
      Danielle McCartney, and Christopher Irwin, declare that they have no competing 
      interests.
EDAT- 2021/01/29 06:00
MHDA- 2021/01/29 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/28
CRDT- 2021/01/28 12:15
PHST- 2020/06/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/25 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/28 12:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/29 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/01/29 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s40798-020-00297-0 [pii]
AID - 297 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s40798-020-00297-0 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sports Med Open. 2021 Jan 28;7(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s40798-020-00297-0.