PMID- 33510252
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210917
LR  - 20240502
IS  - 2045-2322 (Electronic)
IS  - 2045-2322 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan 28
TI  - Valerian and valeric acid inhibit growth of breast cancer cells possibly by 
      mediating epigenetic modifications.
PG  - 2519
LID - 10.1038/s41598-021-81620-x [doi]
LID - 2519
AB  - Valerian root (Valeriana officinalis) is a popular and widely available herbal 
      supplement used to treat sleeping disorders and insomnia. The herb's ability to 
      ameliorate sleep dysfunction may signify an unexplored anti-tumorigenic effect 
      due to the connection between circadian factors and tumorigenesis. Of particular 
      interest are the structural similarities shared between valeric acid, valerian's 
      active chemical ingredient, and certain histone deacteylase (HDAC) inhibitors, 
      which imply that valerian may play a role in epigenetic gene regulation. In this 
      study, we tested the hypothesis that the circadian-related herb valerian can 
      inhibit breast cancer cell growth and explored epigenetic changes associated with 
      valeric acid treatment. Our results showed that aqueous valerian extract reduced 
      growth of breast cancer cells. In addition, treatment of valeric acid was 
      associated with decreased breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, colony 
      formation and 3D formation in vitro in a dose- and time-dependent manner, as well 
      as reduced HDAC activity and a global DNA hypomethylation. Overall, these 
      findings demonstrate that valeric acid can decrease the breast cancer cell 
      proliferation possibly by mediating epigenetic modifications such as the 
      inhibition of histone deacetylases and alterations of DNA methylation. This study 
      highlights a potential utility of valeric acid as a novel HDAC inhibitor and a 
      therapeutic agent in the treatment of breast cancer.
FAU - Shi, Fengqin
AU  - Shi F
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
AD  - Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of 
      Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
FAU - Li, Ya
AU  - Li Y
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
AD  - Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of 
      Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
FAU - Han, Rui
AU  - Han R
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
AD  - Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of 
      Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
FAU - Fu, Alan
AU  - Fu A
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
FAU - Wang, Ronghua
AU  - Wang R
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
AD  - Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of 
      Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
FAU - Nusbaum, Olivia
AU  - Nusbaum O
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
FAU - Qin, Qin
AU  - Qin Q
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
FAU - Chen, Xinyi
AU  - Chen X
AD  - Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of 
      Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
FAU - Hou, Li
AU  - Hou L
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA.
AD  - Department of Oncology and Hematology, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of 
      Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
FAU - Zhu, Yong
AU  - Zhu Y
AD  - Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Yale University School of Public 
      Health, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA. yong.zhu@yale.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R21 CA238100/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210128
PL  - England
TA  - Sci Rep
JT  - Scientific reports
JID - 101563288
RN  - 0 (Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic)
RN  - 0 (Pentanoic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Plant Extracts)
RN  - GZK92PJM7B (n-pentanoic acid)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Cell Line, Tumor
MH  - Cell Movement/drug effects/genetics
MH  - DNA Methylation/drug effects
MH  - Epigenesis, Genetic/*drug effects
MH  - Female
MH  - Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/*drug effects
MH  - Gene Regulatory Networks
MH  - Humans
MH  - Pentanoic Acids/chemistry/*pharmacology
MH  - Plant Extracts/chemistry/pharmacology
MH  - Valerian/*chemistry
PMC - PMC7844014
COIS- The authors declare no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/01/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/18 06:00
PMCR- 2021/01/28
CRDT- 2021/01/29 05:50
PHST- 2020/09/28 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/06 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/01/29 05:50 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/18 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/28 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-021-81620-x [pii]
AID - 81620 [pii]
AID - 10.1038/s41598-021-81620-x [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 28;11(1):2519. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-81620-x.