PMID- 33519837
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240330
IS  - 1664-462X (Print)
IS  - 1664-462X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-462X (Linking)
VI  - 11
DP  - 2020
TI  - Genome-Wide Analysis of Transposable Elements and Satellite DNAs in Spinacia 
      Species to Shed Light on Their Roles in Sex Chromosome Evolution.
PG  - 575462
LID - 10.3389/fpls.2020.575462 [doi]
LID - 575462
AB  - Sex chromosome evolution has mostly been studied in species with heteromorphic 
      sex chromosomes. The Spinacia genus serves as an ideal model for investigating 
      evolutionary mechanisms underlying the transition from homomorphic to 
      heteromorphic sex chromosomes. Among evolutionary factors, repetitive sequences 
      play multiple roles in sex chromosome evolution while their forces have not been 
      fully explored in Spinacia species. Here, we identified major repetitive sequence 
      classes in male and female genomes of Spinacia species and their ancestral 
      relative sugar beet to elucidate the evolutionary processes of sex chromosome 
      evolution using next-generation sequencing (NGS) data. Comparative analysis 
      revealed that the repeat elements of Spinacia species are considerably higher 
      than of sugar beet, especially the Ty3/Gypsy and Ty1/Copia retrotransposons. The 
      long terminal repeat retroelements (LTR) Angela, Athila, and Ogre may be 
      accounted for the higher proportion of repeats in the spinach genome. Comparison 
      of the repeats proportion between female and male genomes of three Spinacia 
      species indicated the different representation in Spinacia tetrandra samples but 
      not in the S. oleracea or S. turkestanica samples. From these results, we 
      speculated that emergence of repetitive DNA sequences may correlate the formation 
      of sex chromosome and the transition from homomorphic sex chromosomes to 
      heteromorphic sex chromosomes as heteromorphic sex chromosomes exclusively 
      existed in Spinacia tetrandra. Three novel sugar beet-specific satellites were 
      identified and confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH); six out of 
      eight new spinach-specific satellites were mapped to the short arm of sex 
      chromosomes. A total of 141 copies of SolSat01-171-s were found in the sex 
      determination region (SDR). Thus, the accumulation of satellite DNA on the short 
      arm of chromosome 1 may be involved in the sex chromosome evolution in Spinacia 
      species. Our study provides a fundamental resource for understanding repeat 
      sequences in Spinacia species and their roles in sex chromosome evolution.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Li, Li, Zhou, Yu, Li, Zhang, Qin, Gao and Deng.
FAU - Li, Ning
AU  - Li N
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Li, Xiaoyue
AU  - Li X
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Zhou, Jian
AU  - Zhou J
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Yu, Li'ang
AU  - Yu L
AD  - Department of Plant Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 
      Champaign, IL, United States.
FAU - Li, Shufen
AU  - Li S
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Zhang, Yulan
AU  - Zhang Y
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Qin, Ruiyun
AU  - Qin R
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Gao, Wujun
AU  - Gao W
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
FAU - Deng, Chuanliang
AU  - Deng C
AD  - College of Life Sciences, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210114
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Plant Sci
JT  - Frontiers in plant science
JID - 101568200
PMC - PMC7840529
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - heteromorphic sex chromosome
OT  - homomorphic sex chromosome
OT  - long terminal repeat retroelements
OT  - next generation sequencing
OT  - rDNA
OT  - repetitive DNA sequences
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/02/02 06:00
MHDA- 2021/02/02 06:01
PMCR- 2020/01/01
CRDT- 2021/02/01 05:55
PHST- 2020/06/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/01 05:55 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/02 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/02/02 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fpls.2020.575462 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Plant Sci. 2021 Jan 14;11:575462. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2020.575462. 
      eCollection 2020.