PMID- 33537901
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210205
LR  - 20210205
IS  - 1573-2959 (Electronic)
IS  - 0167-6369 (Linking)
VI  - 193
IP  - 3
DP  - 2021 Feb 3
TI  - Spaceborne C-band SAR remote sensing-based flood mapping and runoff estimation 
      for 2019 flood scenario in Rupnagar, Punjab, India.
PG  - 110
LID - 10.1007/s10661-021-08902-9 [doi]
AB  - Floods are one of the most disastrous and dangerous catastrophes faced by 
      humanity for ages. Though mostly deemed a natural phenomenon, floods can be 
      anthropogenic and can be equally devastating in modern times. Remote sensing with 
      its non-evasive data availability and high temporal resolution stands 
      unparalleled for flood mapping and modelling. Since floods in India occur mainly 
      in monsoon months, optical remote sensing has limited applications in proper 
      flood mapping owing to lesser number of cloud-free days. Remotely sensed 
      microwave/synthetic aperture radar (SAR) data has penetration ability and has 
      high temporal data availability, making it both weather independent and highly 
      versatile for the study of floods. This study uses space-borne SAR data in C-band 
      with VV (vertically emitted and vertically received) and VH (vertically emitted 
      and horizontally received) polarization channels from Sentinel-1A satellite for 
      SAR interferometry-based flood mapping and runoff modeling for Rupnagar (Punjab) 
      floods of 2019. The flood maps were prepared using coherence-based thresholding, 
      and digital elevation map (DEM) was prepared by correlating the unwrapped phase 
      to elevation. The DEM was further used for Soil Conservation Service-curve number 
      (SCS-CN)-based runoff modelling. The maximum runoff on 18 August 2019 was 350 mm 
      while the average daily rainfall was 120 mm. The estimated runoff significantly 
      correlated with the rainfall with an R(2) statistics value of 0.93 for 18 August 
      2019. On 18 August 2019, Rupnagar saw the most devastating floods and 
      waterlogging that submerged acres of land and displaced thousands of people.
FAU - Tripathi, Akshar
AU  - Tripathi A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1235-3586
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Ropar, 
      Rupnagar, 140001-Punjab, India.
FAU - Attri, Luvkesh
AU  - Attri L
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9545-0060
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Ropar, 
      Rupnagar, 140001-Punjab, India.
FAU - Tiwari, Reet Kamal
AU  - Tiwari RK
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3867-6036
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Ropar, 
      Rupnagar, 140001-Punjab, India. reetkamal@iitrpr.ac.in.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210203
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Environ Monit Assess
JT  - Environmental monitoring and assessment
JID - 8508350
SB  - IM
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Floods
MH  - Humans
MH  - India
MH  - *Radar
MH  - Remote Sensing Technology
MH  - Rivers
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Coherence
OT  - DEM
OT  - Runoff
OT  - SAR interferometry
OT  - SCS-CN
EDAT- 2021/02/05 06:00
MHDA- 2021/02/07 06:00
CRDT- 2021/02/04 05:55
PHST- 2021/01/03 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/04 05:55 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/05 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/02/07 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-021-08902-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s10661-021-08902-9 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Environ Monit Assess. 2021 Feb 3;193(3):110. doi: 10.1007/s10661-021-08902-9.