PMID- 33540650
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210316
IS  - 2076-0817 (Print)
IS  - 2076-0817 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-0817 (Linking)
VI  - 10
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Feb 2
TI  - Differential Expression of Serum Exosome microRNAs and Cytokines in Influenza A 
      and B Patients Collected in the 2016 and 2017 Influenza Seasons.
LID - 10.3390/pathogens10020149 [doi]
LID - 149
AB  - MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have remarkable stability and are key regulators of mRNA 
      transcripts for several essential proteins required for the survival of cells and 
      replication of the virus. Exosomes are thought to play an essential role in 
      intercellular communications by transporting proteins and miRNAs, making them 
      ideal in the search for biomarkers. Evidence suggests that miRNAs are involved in 
      the regulation of influenza virus replication in many cell types. During the 2016 
      and 2017 influenza season, we collected blood samples from 54 patients infected 
      with influenza and from 30 healthy volunteers to identify the potential role of 
      circulating serum miRNAs and cytokines in influenza infection. Data comparing the 
      exosomal miRNAs in patients with influenza B to healthy volunteers showed 76 
      miRNAs that were differentially expressed (p < 0.05). In contrast, 26 miRNAs were 
      differentially expressed between patients with influenza A (p < 0.05) and the 
      controls. Of these miRNAs, 11 were commonly expressed in both the influenza A and 
      B patients. Interferon (IFN)-inducing protein 10 (IP-10), which is involved in 
      IFN synthesis during influenza infection, showed the highest level of expression 
      in both influenza A and B patients. Influenza A patients showed increased 
      expression of IFNalpha, GM-CSF, interleukin (IL)-13, IL-17A, IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha, 
      while influenza B induced increased levels of EGF, G-CSF, IL-1alpha, MIP-1alpha, and 
      TNF-beta. In addition, hsa-miR-326, hsa-miR-15b-5p, hsa-miR-885, hsa-miR-122-5p, 
      hsa-miR-133a-3p, and hsa-miR-150-5p showed high correlations to IL-6, IL-15, 
      IL-17A, IL-1beta, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) with both strains 
      of influenza. Next-generation sequencing studies of H1N1-infected human lung 
      small airway epithelial cells also showed similar pattern of expression of 
      miR-375-5p, miR-143-3p, 199a-3p, and miR-199a-5p compared to influenza A 
      patients. In summary, this study provides insights into the miRNA profiling in 
      both influenza A and B virus in circulation and a novel approach to identify the 
      early infections through a combination of cytokines and miRNA expression.
FAU - Othumpangat, Sreekumar
AU  - Othumpangat S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6563-611X
AD  - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 
      National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease 
      Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
FAU - Lindsley, William G
AU  - Lindsley WG
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0720-5829
AD  - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 
      National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease 
      Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
FAU - Beezhold, Donald H
AU  - Beezhold DH
AD  - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 
      National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease 
      Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
FAU - Kashon, Michael L
AU  - Kashon ML
AD  - Department of Biostatistics, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National 
      Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and 
      Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
FAU - Burrell, Carmen N
AU  - Burrell CN
AD  - Department of Emergency Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, 
      USA.
AD  - Department of Family Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26506, 
      USA.
FAU - Mubareka, Samira
AU  - Mubareka S
AD  - Department of Microbiology, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of 
      Toronto, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada.
FAU - Noti, John D
AU  - Noti JD
AD  - Allergy and Clinical Immunology Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, 
      National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease 
      Control and Prevention, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210202
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Pathogens
JT  - Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101596317
PMC - PMC7912959
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cytokines
OT  - exosome
OT  - influenza virus
OT  - microRNA
OT  - serum
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/02/06 06:01
PMCR- 2021/02/02
CRDT- 2021/02/05 01:01
PHST- 2020/12/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/27 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/05 01:01 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/02/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - pathogens10020149 [pii]
AID - pathogens-10-00149 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/pathogens10020149 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Pathogens. 2021 Feb 2;10(2):149. doi: 10.3390/pathogens10020149.