PMID- 33543540
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210624
LR  - 20221005
IS  - 1530-6860 (Electronic)
IS  - 0892-6638 (Print)
IS  - 0892-6638 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021 Feb
TI  - Two-meal caloric restriction induces 12-hour rhythms and improves glucose 
      homeostasis.
PG  - e21342
LID - 10.1096/fj.202002470R [doi]
LID - e21342
AB  - Glucose metabolism is tightly regulated and disrupting glucose homeostasis is a 
      hallmark of many diseases. Caloric restriction (CR), periodic fasting, and 
      circadian rhythms are interlinked with glucose metabolism. Here, we directly 
      investigated if CR depends on periodic fasting and circadian rhythms to improve 
      glucose metabolism. CR was implemented as two-meals per day (2M-CR), provided at 
      12-hour intervals, and compared with one meal per day CR, mealtime (MT), and ad 
      libitum (AL) feeding. The 2M-CR impacted the circadian rhythms in blood glucose, 
      metabolic signaling, circadian clock, and glucose metabolism gene expression. 
      2M-CR significantly reduced around the clock blood glucose and improved glucose 
      tolerance. Twenty-four-hour rhythms in mTOR signaling and gene expression 
      observed under AL, MT, and CR, became 12-hour rhythms in 2M-CR. The 12-hour 
      rhythms in behavior, gene expression, and signaling persisted in fasted mice, 
      implicating some internal regulation. The study highlights that the reduction in 
      caloric intake rather than meal frequency and duration of fasting is essential 
      for metabolic reprograming and improvement in glucose metabolism and provides 
      evidence on food-entrained molecular pacemaker, which can be uncoupled from the 
      light-entrained circadian clock and rhythms.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Authors. The FASEB Journal published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on 
      behalf of Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology.
FAU - Velingkaar, Nikkhil
AU  - Velingkaar N
AD  - Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological 
      Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 
      USA.
FAU - Mezhnina, Volha
AU  - Mezhnina V
AD  - Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological 
      Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 
      USA.
FAU - Poe, Allan
AU  - Poe A
AD  - Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological 
      Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 
      USA.
FAU - Kondratov, Roman V
AU  - Kondratov RV
AD  - Center for Gene Regulation in Health and Disease and Department of Biological 
      Geological and Environmental Sciences, Cleveland State University, Cleveland, OH, 
      USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 AG039547/AG/NIA NIH HHS/United States
GR  - S10 OD025252/OD/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PL  - United States
TA  - FASEB J
JT  - FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for 
      Experimental Biology
JID - 8804484
RN  - EC 2.7.11.1 (TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases)
RN  - IY9XDZ35W2 (Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Caloric Restriction/*methods
MH  - *Circadian Rhythm
MH  - Fasting/metabolism
MH  - Glucose/*metabolism
MH  - *Homeostasis
MH  - Male
MH  - Meals
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Signal Transduction
MH  - TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
PMC - PMC7898832
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 12-hour rhythms
OT  - aging
OT  - circadian rhythms
OT  - diet
OT  - gene expression
OT  - glucose homeostasis
OT  - metabolism
COIS- None declared.
EDAT- 2021/02/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/06/25 06:00
PMCR- 2021/02/22
CRDT- 2021/02/05 06:07
PHST- 2020/11/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/10 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/12/21 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/05 06:07 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/06/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - FSB221342 [pii]
AID - 10.1096/fj.202002470R [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - FASEB J. 2021 Feb;35(2):e21342. doi: 10.1096/fj.202002470R.