PMID- 33550415
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211210
LR  - 20220425
IS  - 1460-2709 (Electronic)
IS  - 1369-3786 (Linking)
VI  - 59
IP  - 8
DP  - 2021 Jul 14
TI  - Zymosan enhances in vitro phagocyte function and the immune response of mice 
      infected with Paracoccidioides brasiliensis.
PG  - 749-762
LID - 10.1093/mmy/myaa117 [doi]
AB  - Paracoccidioides brasiliensis is the major etiologic agent of 
      Paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), the most frequent human deep mycosis in Latin 
      America. It is proposed that masking of beta-glucan in P. brasiliensis cell wall is 
      a critical virulence factor that contributes to the development of a chronic 
      disease characterized by a long period of treatment, which is usually toxic. In 
      this context, the search for immunomodulatory agents for therapeutic purposes is 
      highly desirable. One strategy is to use pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) 
      ligands to stimulate the immune response mediated by phagocytes. Here, we sought 
      to evaluate if Zymosan, a beta-glucan-containing ligand of the PRRs Dectin-1/TLR-2, 
      would enhance phagocyte function and the immune response of mice challenged with 
      P. brasiliensis. Dendritic cells (DCs) infected with P. brasiliensis and treated 
      with Zymosan showed improved secretion of several proinflammatory cytokines and 
      expression of maturation markers. In addition, when cocultured with splenic 
      lymphocytes, these cells induced the production of a potential protective type 1 
      and 17 cytokine patterns. In macrophages, Zymosan ensued a significant fungicidal 
      activity associated with nitric oxide production and phagolysosome acidification. 
      Importantly, we observed a protective effect of Zymosan-primed DCs delivered 
      intranasally in experimental pulmonary PCM. Overall, our findings support the 
      potential use of beta-glucan-containing compounds such as Zymosan as an alternative 
      or complementary antifungal therapy. LAY SUMMARY: We report for the first time 
      that Paracoccidioides brasiliensis-infected phagocytes treated with Zymosan (cell 
      wall extract from bakers' yeast) show enhanced cytokine production, maturation, 
      and fungal killing. Also, Zymosan-primed phagocytes induce a protective immune 
      response in infected mice.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The 
      International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.
FAU - Silva, G S
AU  - Silva GS
AD  - Graduate Program in Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of 
      Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
AD  - Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Silva, D A
AU  - Silva DA
AD  - Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Guilhelmelli, F
AU  - Guilhelmelli F
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Pathogenic Fungi. Department of Cell Biology, 
      Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
FAU - Jeronimo, M S
AU  - Jeronimo MS
AD  - Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Cardoso-Miguel, M R D
AU  - Cardoso-Miguel MRD
AD  - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Burgel, P H
AU  - Burgel PH
AD  - Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
AD  - Graduate Program in Microbial Biology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Castro, R J A
AU  - Castro RJA
AD  - Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - de Oliveira, S A M
AU  - de Oliveira SAM
AD  - Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Silva-Pereira, I
AU  - Silva-Pereira I
AD  - Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Pathogenic Fungi. Department of Cell Biology, 
      Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.
FAU - Bocca, A L
AU  - Bocca AL
AD  - Laboratory of Applied Immunology, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of 
      Biological Sciences, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
FAU - Tavares, A H
AU  - Tavares AH
AD  - Faculty of Ceilandia, University of Brasilia, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - Med Mycol
JT  - Medical mycology
JID - 9815835
RN  - 9010-72-4 (Zymosan)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Mice
MH  - Paracoccidioides/*immunology/pathogenicity
MH  - Paracoccidioidomycosis/*drug therapy/immunology
MH  - Phagocytes/*drug effects/immunology
MH  - Virulence
MH  - Zymosan/*pharmacology/therapeutic use
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Paracoccidioides brasiliensis
OT  - dendritic cells
OT  - macrophages
OT  - zymosan
EDAT- 2021/02/08 06:00
MHDA- 2021/12/15 06:00
CRDT- 2021/02/07 20:52
PHST- 2020/10/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2020/11/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/02/08 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/12/15 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/07 20:52 [entrez]
AID - 6130099 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/mmy/myaa117 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Med Mycol. 2021 Jul 14;59(8):749-762. doi: 10.1093/mmy/myaa117.