PMID- 33575249
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210213
IS  - 2296-2646 (Print)
IS  - 2296-2646 (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-2646 (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2020
TI  - Confined Electrochemiluminescence Generation at Ultra-High-Density Gold Microwell 
      Electrodes.
PG  - 630246
LID - 10.3389/fchem.2020.630246 [doi]
LID - 630246
AB  - Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging analysis based on the ultra-high-density 
      microwell electrode array (UMEA) has been successfully used in biosensing and 
      diagnostics, while the studies of ECL generation mechanisms with spatial 
      resolution remain scarce. Herein we fabricate a gold-coated polydimethylsiloxane 
      (PDMS) UMEA using electroless deposition method for the visualization of ECL 
      reaction process at the single microwell level in conjunction with using 
      microscopic ECL imaging technique, demonstrating that the microwell gold walls 
      are indeed capable of enhancing the ECL generation. For the classical ECL system 
      involving tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium (Ru(bpy)(3) (2+)) and tri-n-propylamine 
      (TPrA), the ECL image of a single microwell appears as a surface-confined ring, 
      indicating the ECL intensity generated inside the well is much stronger than that 
      on the top surface of UMEA. Moreover, at a low concentration of Ru(bpy)(3) (2+), 
      the ECL image remains to be ring-shaped with the increase of exposure time, 
      because of the limited lifetime of TPrA radical cations TPrA(+*). In combination 
      with the theoretical simulation, the ring-shaped ECL image is resolved to 
      originate from the superposition effect of the mass diffusion fields at both 
      microwell wall and bottom surfaces.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Ding, Zhou, Guo and Su.
FAU - Ding, Jialian
AU  - Ding J
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 
      Hangzhou, China.
FAU - Zhou, Ping
AU  - Zhou P
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 
      Hangzhou, China.
FAU - Guo, Weiliang
AU  - Guo W
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 
      Hangzhou, China.
FAU - Su, Bin
AU  - Su B
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Zhejiang University, 
      Hangzhou, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210126
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Chem
JT  - Frontiers in chemistry
JID - 101627988
PMC - PMC7870482
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - confinement
OT  - electrochemiluminescence
OT  - imaging
OT  - microwell electrode array
OT  - reaction mechanisms
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/02/13 06:00
MHDA- 2021/02/13 06:01
PMCR- 2020/01/01
CRDT- 2021/02/12 06:09
PHST- 2020/11/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/12/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/12 06:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/02/13 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 630246 [pii]
AID - 10.3389/fchem.2020.630246 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Chem. 2021 Jan 26;8:630246. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2020.630246. eCollection 
      2020.