PMID- 33586659
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211104
LR  - 20211104
IS  - 1952-4013 (Electronic)
IS  - 1167-1122 (Linking)
VI  - 31
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Feb 1
TI  - Identification of anti-microbial peptides and traces of microbial DNA in 
      infrainfundibular compartments of human scalp terminal hair follicles.
PG  - 22-31
LID - 10.1684/ejd.2020.3948 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: The upper follicular compartment, a well-known reservoir of cutaneous 
      microbiota, constitutes a space for intensive cross-barrier dialogue. The lower 
      follicle comprises the bulb and bulge, structures with relative immune-privileged 
      status, crucial for physiological cycling, and widely considered to be 
      microbial-free. OBJECTIVES: Following our initial immunohistochemical screening 
      for regulatory cytokines and defensin expression in anagen hair follicles, we 
      aimed to confirm our results with a follow-up ELISA investigation. We postulated 
      that exposure to microbial components may trigger expression, and thus opted to 
      investigate microbial presence in this area. MATERIALS & METHODS: We performed 
      immunohistochemical staining for selected cytokines and antimicrobial peptides, 
      and Gram and Giemsa staining on tissue sections from healthy individuals. Based 
      on ELISA analyses, we confirmed a marked presence of IL-17A- and HBD2 in 
      infrainfundibular compartments from plucked anagen hair follicles of 12 
      individuals (six females, six males; frontal and occipital scalp sites). 16S rRNA 
      sequencing on microbial DNA extracted from lower follicles, as well as 
      fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) were applied to explore bacterial 
      presence in the infrainfundibular compartments. RESULTS: 16S rRNA sequencing 
      yielded reproducible data of bacterial presence in infrainfundibular compartments 
      of plucked scalp follicles; Lawsonella clevelandensis, Staphylococcaceae and 
      Propionibacteriaceae were the most abundant bacteria. Also, FISH revealed biofilm 
      structures formed by Cutibacterium acnes (formerly Propionibacterium acnes) and 
      Staphylococcus sp. below the infundibulum. CONCLUSION: As the skin microbiome 
      largely influences the local immune system, the presence of bacteria in proximity 
      to follicular immune-privileged areas may be of relevance to hair cycling in 
      health and disease.
FAU - Polak-Witka, Katarzyna
AU  - Polak-Witka K
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Department of 
      Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
FAU - Constantinou, Andria
AU  - Constantinou A
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Schwarzer, Rolf
AU  - Schwarzer R
AD  - Department Molecular Diagnostics, Labor Berlin-Charite Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, 
      Germany.
FAU - Helmuth, Johannes
AU  - Helmuth J
AD  - Department Molecular Diagnostics, Labor Berlin-Charite Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, 
      Germany.
FAU - Wiessner, Alexandra
AU  - Wiessner A
AD  - Biofilmcenter, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, 
      Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Hadam, Sabrina
AU  - Hadam S
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Kanti, Varvara
AU  - Kanti V
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Rancan, Fiorenza
AU  - Rancan F
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Andruck, Annette
AU  - Andruck A
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Richter, Claudia
AU  - Richter C
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Moter, Annette
AU  - Moter A
AD  - Biofilmcenter, Institute for Microbiology, Infectious Diseases and Immunology, 
      Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Edelmann, Anke
AU  - Edelmann A
AD  - Department Molecular Diagnostics, Labor Berlin-Charite Vivantes GmbH, Berlin, 
      Germany.
FAU - Rudnicka, Lidia
AU  - Rudnicka L
AD  - Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
FAU - Blume-Peytavi, Ulrike
AU  - Blume-Peytavi U
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Vogt, Annika
AU  - Vogt A
AD  - Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Clinical Research Center for Hair and Skin 
      Science, Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - France
TA  - Eur J Dermatol
JT  - European journal of dermatology : EJD
JID - 9206420
RN  - 0 (DNA, Bacterial)
RN  - 0 (Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - DNA, Bacterial/*analysis
MH  - Female
MH  - Hair Follicle/*chemistry
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins/*analysis
MH  - Scalp
MH  - Young Adult
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - antimicrobial peptides
OT  - beta defensins
OT  - hair follicle
OT  - interleukin-17A
OT  - microbiome
EDAT- 2021/02/16 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/05 06:00
CRDT- 2021/02/15 08:44
PHST- 2021/02/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/05 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/15 08:44 [entrez]
AID - ejd.2020.3948 [pii]
AID - 10.1684/ejd.2020.3948 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Eur J Dermatol. 2021 Feb 1;31(1):22-31. doi: 10.1684/ejd.2020.3948.