PMID- 33588198
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210311
LR  - 20210807
IS  - 1878-0334 (Electronic)
IS  - 1871-4021 (Print)
IS  - 1871-4021 (Linking)
VI  - 15
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Jan-Feb
TI  - Heterogeneity in presentation of hyperglycaemia during COVID-19 pandemic: A 
      proposed classification.
PG  - 403-406
LID - S1871-4021(21)00020-5 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.01.018 [doi]
AB  - Diabetes and hyperglycemia occurring during COVID-19 era have implications for 
      COVID-19 related morbidity/mortality. In this brief review, we have attempted to 
      categorise and classify such heterogenous hyperglycemic states. During COVID-19 
      pandemic broadly two types of hyperglycemia were seen: one in patients without 
      COVID-19 infection and second in patients with COVID-19 infection. Patients not 
      inflicted with COVID-19 infection and diagnosed with either type 2 diabetes 
      mellitus (T2DM) or type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) show more severe hyperglycemia 
      and more ketoacidosis, respectively. In former, it could be attributed to weight 
      gain, decreased exercise, stress and in both type of diabetes, due to delayed 
      diagnosis during lockdown and pandemic. In patients with COVID-19 and associated 
      pneumonia, altered glucose metabolism leading to hyperglycemia could be due to 
      corticosteroids, cytokine storm, damage to pancreatic beta cells, or combination 
      of these factors. Some of these patients present with diabetic ketoacidosis, 
      hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state or both. We have provided a framework for 
      categorisation of hyperglycemic states, which could be consolidated/revised in 
      future based on new research data.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Diabetes India. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Misra, Anoop
AU  - Misra A
AD  - Centre of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and 
      Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation 
      (India), SDA, New Delhi, India; Fortis C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, 
      Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, Chirag Enclave, Nehru Place, New Delhi, 
      India. Electronic address: anoopmisra@gmail.com.
FAU - Ghosh, Amerta
AU  - Ghosh A
AD  - Centre of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and 
      Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation 
      (India), SDA, New Delhi, India; Fortis C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, 
      Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, Chirag Enclave, Nehru Place, New Delhi, 
      India.
FAU - Gupta, Ritesh
AU  - Gupta R
AD  - Centre of Nutrition & Metabolic Research (C-NET), National Diabetes, Obesity and 
      Cholesterol Foundation (N-DOC), SDA, New Delhi, India; Diabetes Foundation 
      (India), SDA, New Delhi, India; Fortis C-DOC Centre of Excellence for Diabetes, 
      Metabolic Diseases and Endocrinology, Chirag Enclave, Nehru Place, New Delhi, 
      India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210131
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Diabetes Metab Syndr
JT  - Diabetes & metabolic syndrome
JID - 101462250
RN  - 0 (Blood Glucose)
SB  - IM
MH  - Blood Glucose/metabolism
MH  - COVID-19/*classification/diagnosis/*epidemiology
MH  - Diabetic Ketoacidosis/classification/diagnosis/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hyperglycemia/*classification/diagnosis/*epidemiology
MH  - Pandemics
PMC - PMC7847699
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - COVID-19
OT  - Diabetes
OT  - Diabetic ketoacidosis
OT  - Stress
OT  - Weight gain
EDAT- 2021/02/16 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/12 06:00
PMCR- 2021/01/31
CRDT- 2021/02/15 20:13
PHST- 2021/02/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/12 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/15 20:13 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/01/31 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S1871-4021(21)00020-5 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.01.018 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2021 Jan-Feb;15(1):403-406. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2021.01.018. 
      Epub 2021 Jan 31.