PMID- 33592077
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210924
LR  - 20210924
IS  - 1932-6203 (Electronic)
IS  - 1932-6203 (Linking)
VI  - 16
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021
TI  - Lack of association between heart period variability asymmetry and respiratory 
      sinus arrhythmia in healthy and chronic heart failure individuals.
PG  - e0247145
LID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0247145 [doi]
LID - e0247145
AB  - Temporal asymmetry is a peculiar aspect of heart period (HP) variability (HPV). 
      HPV asymmetry (HPVA) is reduced with aging and pathology, but its origin is not 
      fully elucidated. Given the impact of respiration on HPV resulting in the 
      respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) and the asymmetric shape of the respiratory 
      pattern, a possible link between HPVA and RSA might be expected. In this study we 
      tested the hypothesis that HPVA is significantly associated with RSA and 
      asymmetry of the respiratory rhythm. We studied 42 middle-aged healthy (H) 
      subjects, and 56 chronic heart failure (CHF) patients of whom 26 assigned to the 
      New York Heart Association (NYHA) class II (CHF-II) and 30 to NYHA class III 
      (CHF-III). Electrocardiogram and lung volume were monitored for 8 minutes during 
      spontaneous breathing (SB) and controlled breathing (CB) at 15 breaths/minute. 
      The ratio of inspiratory (INSP) to expiratory (EXP) phases, namely the I/E ratio, 
      and RSA were calculated. HPVA was estimated as the percentage of negative HP 
      variations, traditionally measured via the Porta's index (PI). Departures of PI 
      from 50% indicated HPVA and its significance was tested via surrogate data. We 
      found that RSA increased during CB and I/E ratio was smaller than 1 in all groups 
      and experimental conditions. In H subjects the PI was about 50% during SB and it 
      increased significantly during CB. In both CHF-II and CHF-III groups the PI was 
      about 50% during SB and remained unmodified during CB. The PI was uncorrelated 
      with RSA and I/E ratio regardless of the experimental condition and group. 
      Pooling together data of different experimental conditions did not affect 
      conclusions. Therefore, we conclude that the HPVA cannot be explained by RSA 
      and/or I/E ratio, thus representing a peculiar feature of the cardiac control 
      that can be aroused in middle-aged H individuals via CB.
FAU - De Maria, Beatrice
AU  - De Maria B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5360-3137
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Dalla Vecchia, Laura Adelaide
AU  - Dalla Vecchia LA
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6516-0959
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Maestri, Roberto
AU  - Maestri R
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Montescano, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Pinna, Gian Domenico
AU  - Pinna GD
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Montescano, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Parati, Monica
AU  - Parati M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7836-7246
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy.
AD  - Neuroengineering and Medical Robotics Laboratory, Department of Electronics, 
      Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Perego, Francesca
AU  - Perego F
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Bari, Vlasta
AU  - Bari V
AD  - Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS 
      Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Cairo, Beatrice
AU  - Cairo B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3396-6883
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
FAU - Gelpi, Francesca
AU  - Gelpi F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-9221-6153
AD  - Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS 
      Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
FAU - La Rovere, Maria Teresa
AU  - La Rovere MT
AD  - IRCCS Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, Montescano, Pavia, Italy.
FAU - Porta, Alberto
AU  - Porta A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6720-9824
AD  - Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS 
      Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210216
PL  - United States
TA  - PLoS One
JT  - PloS one
JID - 101285081
SB  - IM
MH  - Arrhythmia, Sinus/*physiopathology
MH  - Electrocardiography
MH  - Female
MH  - Heart Failure/*physiopathology
MH  - Heart Rate/physiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia/*physiology
PMC - PMC7886158
COIS- The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
EDAT- 2021/02/17 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/25 06:00
PMCR- 2021/02/16
CRDT- 2021/02/16 17:11
PHST- 2020/11/11 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/02 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/16 17:11 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/16 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - PONE-D-20-35459 [pii]
AID - 10.1371/journal.pone.0247145 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - PLoS One. 2021 Feb 16;16(2):e0247145. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247145. 
      eCollection 2021.