PMID- 33592441 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210405 LR - 20240402 IS - 1873-6424 (Electronic) IS - 0269-7491 (Print) IS - 0269-7491 (Linking) VI - 276 DP - 2021 May 1 TI - Prenatal exposure to mixtures of persistent endocrine disrupting chemicals and early menarche in a population-based cohort of British girls. PG - 116705 LID - S0269-7491(21)00284-0 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116705 [doi] AB - Exposure to endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is ubiquitous. EDC exposure, especially during critical periods of development like the prenatal window, may interfere with the body's endocrine system, which can affect growth and developmental outcomes such as puberty. Most studies have examined one EDC at a time in relation to disease; however, humans are exposed to many EDCs. By studying mixtures, the human experience can be more closely replicated. We investigated the association of prenatal exposure to persistent EDCs (poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)) as mixtures with early menarche among female offspring in a nested case-control study within the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) recruited in the United Kingdom in 1991-1992. Concentrations of 52 EDCs were quantified in maternal serum samples collected during pregnancy. Daughter's age at menarche was ascertained through mailed questionnaires sent annually. We used repeated holdout weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to examine the association between prenatal exposure to multiple EDCs and early menarche (<11.5 (n = 218) vs. >/=11.5 years (n = 230)) for each chemical class separately (PFAS, PCBs, and OCPs) and for all three classes combined. Models adjusted for maternal age at menarche, maternal education, parity, pre-pregnancy body mass index, maternal age, prenatal smoking, and gestational week at sample collection. Mixture models showed null associations between prenatal exposure to EDC mixtures and early menarche. Using WQS regression, the odds ratio for early menarche for a one-decile increase in chemical concentrations for all three classes combined was 0.89 (95% CI: 0.76, 1.05); using BKMR, the odds ratio when all exposures were at the 60th percentile compared to the median was 0.98 (95% CI: 0.91, 1.05). Results suggest the overall effect of prenatal exposure to persistent EDC mixtures is not associated with early menarche. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. FAU - Marks, Kristin J AU - Marks KJ AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, United States. Electronic address: kristin.marks@emory.edu. FAU - Howards, Penelope P AU - Howards PP AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Smarr, Melissa M AU - Smarr MM AD - Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Flanders, W Dana AU - Flanders WD AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Northstone, Kate AU - Northstone K AD - Department of Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, Bristol, United Kingdom. FAU - Daniel, Johnni H AU - Daniel JH AD - National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Calafat, Antonia M AU - Calafat AM AD - National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Sjodin, Andreas AU - Sjodin A AD - National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Marcus, Michele AU - Marcus M AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States. FAU - Hartman, Terryl J AU - Hartman TJ AD - Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States; National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, United States. LA - eng GR - MC_PC_19009/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - MC_PC_15018/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - CC999999/ImCDC/Intramural CDC HHS/United States GR - G9815508/MRC_/Medical Research Council/United Kingdom GR - WT_/Wellcome Trust/United Kingdom PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210209 PL - England TA - Environ Pollut JT - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) JID - 8804476 RN - 0 (Endocrine Disruptors) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) SB - IM MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Case-Control Studies MH - Child MH - *Endocrine Disruptors MH - *Environmental Pollutants MH - Female MH - Humans MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Maternal Exposure MH - Menarche MH - Pregnancy MH - *Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects MH - United Kingdom PMC - PMC8111784 MID - NIHMS1676861 OTO - NOTNLM OT - ALSPAC OT - Menarche OT - Organochlorine pesticides OT - Poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances OT - Polychlorinated biphenyls OT - Puberty COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. EDAT- 2021/02/17 06:00 MHDA- 2021/04/07 06:00 PMCR- 2022/05/01 CRDT- 2021/02/16 20:12 PHST- 2020/07/24 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/02/05 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/02/17 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/04/07 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/16 20:12 [entrez] PHST- 2022/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - S0269-7491(21)00284-0 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116705 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Pollut. 2021 May 1;276:116705. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116705. Epub 2021 Feb 9.