PMID- 33601162
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210302
LR  - 20210302
IS  - 1873-6297 (Electronic)
IS  - 0001-6918 (Linking)
VI  - 214
DP  - 2021 Mar
TI  - Remembering more than you can say: Re-examining "amnesia" of attended attributes.
PG  - 103265
LID - S0001-6918(21)00015-9 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103265 [doi]
AB  - Attribute amnesia (AA) describes a phenomenon whereby observers fail a surprise 
      memory test which asks them to report an attribute they had just attended and 
      used to fulfil a task goal. This finding has cast doubt on the prominent theory 
      that attention results in encoding into working memory (WM), to which two 
      competing explanations have been proposed: (1) task demands dictate whether 
      attended information is encoded into WM, and (2) attended information is encoded 
      in a weak state that does not survive the demands of the surprise memory test. To 
      address this debate our study circumvented the limitations of a surprise memory 
      test by embedding a second search task within a typical color-based AA search 
      task. The search task was modified so that the attended attribute would reappear 
      in the second search as either the target, a distractor, or not at all. 
      Critically, our results support encoding of the attended attribute in WM though 
      to a weaker extent than the attribute that is required for report. A second 
      experiment confirmed that WM encoding only occurs for the attended attribute, 
      though distractor attributes produce a bias consistent with negative priming. Our 
      data provide novel support for a theory of memory consolidation that links the 
      strength of a memory's representation with expectations for how it will be used 
      in a task. Implications for the utility of this procedure in future 
      investigations previously limited by single trial data (i.e., surprise question 
      methodology) are discussed.
CI  - Crown Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Harrison, Geoffrey W
AU  - Harrison GW
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada. 
      Electronic address: 8gh3@queensu.ca.
FAU - Kang, Melissa
AU  - Kang M
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada; 
      Department of Applied Psychology and Human Development, Ontario Institute for 
      Studies in Education, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, ON, M5S 1V6, 
      Canada.
FAU - Wilson, Daryl E
AU  - Wilson DE
AD  - Department of Psychology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210215
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Acta Psychol (Amst)
JT  - Acta psychologica
JID - 0370366
SB  - IM
MH  - Amnesia
MH  - Attention
MH  - Color Perception
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Memory, Short-Term
MH  - *Mental Recall
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Attention and memory
OT  - Attribute amnesia
OT  - Memory models
OT  - Working memory
EDAT- 2021/02/19 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/03 06:00
CRDT- 2021/02/18 20:15
PHST- 2020/08/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/01/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/03 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/18 20:15 [entrez]
AID - S0001-6918(21)00015-9 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103265 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Acta Psychol (Amst). 2021 Mar;214:103265. doi: 10.1016/j.actpsy.2021.103265. Epub 
      2021 Feb 15.