PMID- 33633511
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210227
IS  - 1559-3258 (Print)
IS  - 1559-3258 (Electronic)
IS  - 1559-3258 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 4
DP  - 2020 Oct-Dec
TI  - Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines at Ultra-Low Dose Exert Anti-Inflammatory Effect In 
      Vitro: A Possible Mode of Action Involving Sub-Micron Particles?
PG  - 1559325820961723
LID - 10.1177/1559325820961723 [doi]
LID - 1559325820961723
AB  - Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) are pro-inflammatory 
      cytokines involved in acute and chronic inflammatory diseases. Indeed, 
      immunotherapy blocking these 2 cytokines has been developed. Micro-immunotherapy 
      (MI) also uses ultra-low doses (ULD) of pro-inflammatory cytokines, impregnated 
      on lactose-sucrose pillules, to counteract their overexpression. The study has 
      been conducted with 2 objectives: examine the anti-inflammatory effect in vitro 
      and the capacity of 2 unitary medicines, TNF-alpha (27 CH) and IL-1beta (27 CH), to 
      reduce the secretion of TNF-alpha in human primary monocytes and THP-1 cells 
      differentiated with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate, after lipopolysaccharide 
      (LPS) exposure; then, investigate the presence of particles possibly containing 
      starting materials using tunable resistive pulse sensing technique. The results 
      show that the unitary medicines, tested at 3 pillules concentrations (5.5, 11 and 
      22 mM), have reduced the secretion of TNF-alpha in both models by about 10-20% vs. 
      vehicle control, depending on concentration. In this exploratory study, particles 
      (150-1000 nm) have been detected in MI ULD-impregnated pillules and a hypothesis 
      for MI medicines mode of action has been proposed. Conscious that more 
      evaluations are necessary, authors are cautious in the conclusions because the 
      findings described in the study are still limited, and future investigations may 
      lead to different hypothesis.
CI  - (c) The Author(s) 2020.
FAU - Floris, Ilaria
AU  - Floris I
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4089-3133
AD  - Preclinical Research, Clinical Research, Regulatory Affairs Departments, 
      Labo'Life France, Nantes, France.
FAU - Rose, Thorsten
AU  - Rose T
AD  - VivaCell Biotechnology GmbH, Denzlingen, Germany.
FAU - Rojas, Juan Antonio Collado
AU  - Rojas JAC
AD  - Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica de Cordoba (IMIBIC), Cordoba, 
      Spain.
FAU - Appel, Kurt
AU  - Appel K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4315-4478
AD  - VivaCell Biotechnology GmbH, Denzlingen, Germany.
FAU - Roesch, Camille
AU  - Roesch C
AD  - Izon Science Europe SAS, Lyon, France.
FAU - Lejeune, Beatrice
AU  - Lejeune B
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9067-6116
AD  - Preclinical Research, Clinical Research, Regulatory Affairs Departments, 
      Labo'Life France, Nantes, France.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201021
PL  - United States
TA  - Dose Response
JT  - Dose-response : a publication of International Hormesis Society
JID - 101308899
PMC - PMC7829609
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - anti-inflammatory unitary medicines
OT  - micro-immunotherapy
OT  - sub-micron particles
OT  - ultra-low doses
COIS- Declaration of Conflicting Interests: The author(s) declared the following 
      potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or 
      publication of this article: IF and BL work for Labo'Life France, the company 
      service provider of Labo'Life, specialized in preclinical and clinical research, 
      as well as regulatory affairs. This professional relationship does not imply any 
      misconduct on the part of the authors. KA and TR work for Vivacell, Biotechnology 
      GmbH, a biotechnological company specialized in preclinical research. JACR works 
      in the Instituto Maimonides de Investigacion Biomedica of Cordoba. CR works for 
      Izon Science Europe SAS.
EDAT- 2021/02/27 06:00
MHDA- 2021/02/27 06:01
PMCR- 2020/10/21
CRDT- 2021/02/26 06:02
PHST- 2020/05/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/08/26 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/08/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/02/26 06:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/02/27 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/02/27 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/10/21 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1177_1559325820961723 [pii]
AID - 10.1177/1559325820961723 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Dose Response. 2020 Oct 21;18(4):1559325820961723. doi: 10.1177/1559325820961723. 
      eCollection 2020 Oct-Dec.