PMID- 33640822
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210413
LR  - 20210413
IS  - 1873-6424 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-7491 (Linking)
VI  - 277
DP  - 2021 May 15
TI  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) concentrations in soil and plants around 
      municipal dumpsites in Abuja, Nigeria.
PG  - 116794
LID - S0269-7491(21)00374-2 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116794 [doi]
AB  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are listed as persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) in the Stockholm Convention. It has been established that PBDEs 
      may be released into the environment during improper handling and disposal of 
      e-waste and other products containing PBDEs that is prevalent in developing 
      countries. This research work assessed the status of PBDE contamination at 
      dumpsites in Nigeria. Soil and edible plant samples were collected from the 
      dumpsites and control sites for analysis. The concentrations of  summation operator(7)PBDE in the 
      topsoils around the dumpsites at 0-15 cm depth ranged from 112 to 366 ng/g dry 
      weight (dw) while that of the topsoil of the control site 500 m from the dumpsite 
      ranged from 26.8 to 39.7 ng/g dw. These high concentrations stem likely from open 
      burning of waste including electronic waste on the landfills. Plant samples 
      (bentgrass, spinach, tomatoes, pumpkin and sweet potatoes) around the dumpsites 
      were found to be contaminated by PBDEs with levels ranging from 25.0 to 60.5 ng/g 
      dw in plant roots and from 8.45 to 32.2 ng/g dw in plant shoots for  summation operator(7)PBDE. 
      This suggests that consumption of vegetables by humans and ingestion of 
      contaminated soils and feed by chickens and cows can transfer PBDEs into the 
      human food chain around the dumpsites. The comparison of PBDE levels in soils and 
      the PBDE levels in chicken eggs from the former study indicate that PBDE levels 
      in the soils are sufficient to explain the levels in the chicken eggs with a 
      reasonable carry-over rate for PBDEs of 0.28 on average. The PBDE contamination 
      in the soil was sufficient to result in a relevant exposure of humans via 
      accumulation in eggs. The study shows that a better management of end-of-life 
      products containing PBDEs is needed to reduce PBDE exposure risk in Africa.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FAU - Oloruntoba, Kike
AU  - Oloruntoba K
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria; Raw Materials 
      Research and Development Council, Abuja, Nigeria. Electronic address: 
      daisykiks@yahoo.com.
FAU - Sindiku, Omotayo
AU  - Sindiku O
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Electronic 
      address: thayor17@yahoo.com.
FAU - Osibanjo, Oladele
AU  - Osibanjo O
AD  - Department of Chemistry, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. Electronic 
      address: oosibanjo@yahoo.com.
FAU - Herold, Christine
AU  - Herold C
AD  - POPs Environmental Consulting, Schwabisch Gmund, Germany.
FAU - Weber, Roland
AU  - Weber R
AD  - POPs Environmental Consulting, Schwabisch Gmund, Germany. Electronic address: 
      roland.weber10@web.de.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210219
PL  - England
TA  - Environ Pollut
JT  - Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)
JID - 8804476
RN  - 0 (Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers)
RN  - 0 (Soil)
RN  - 0 (Soil Pollutants)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cattle
MH  - Chickens
MH  - China
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Female
MH  - *Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers/analysis
MH  - Humans
MH  - Nigeria
MH  - Soil
MH  - *Soil Pollutants/analysis
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Accumulation
OT  - Human exposure
OT  - Municipal waste dumpsites
OT  - POPs
OT  - Polybrominated diphenyl ethers
OT  - Soil
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that we have no conflicts 
      of interest to disclose.
EDAT- 2021/03/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/14 06:00
CRDT- 2021/02/28 20:37
PHST- 2020/07/17 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/14 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/28 20:37 [entrez]
AID - S0269-7491(21)00374-2 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116794 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Environ Pollut. 2021 May 15;277:116794. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116794. Epub 
      2021 Feb 19.