PMID- 33644101 OWN - NLM STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE LR - 20210303 IS - 2296-858X (Print) IS - 2296-858X (Electronic) IS - 2296-858X (Linking) VI - 8 DP - 2021 TI - Next Generation Sequencing in Cytopathology: Focus on Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. PG - 633923 LID - 10.3389/fmed.2021.633923 [doi] LID - 633923 AB - Molecular cytopathology is a rapidly evolving field embracing both conventional microscopy and molecular pathology. Its growing popularity stems from the fact that in many types of advanced cancers, including non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), cytological samples often constitute the only available specimens for morphomolecular analysis. Indeed, non formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) cytological samples feature a higher quality of extracted nucleic acids than histological specimens. However, because of the growing complexity of molecular testing, several efforts should be made to validate the analytical performance of the wide array of currently available molecular technologies, including next generation sequencing (NGS). This technology has the terrific advantage of allowing simultaneous detection of scores of predictive biomarkers even in low-input DNA/RNA specimens. Here, we briefly review the role of the modern cytopathologist in the morphomolecular diagnosing of advanced stage NSCLC and the adoption of NGS in conventional cytopreparations (cell blocks, direct smears, and liquid-based cytology) and supernatants. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Pisapia, Pepe, Iaccarino, Sgariglia, Nacchio, Conticelli, Salatiello, Tufano, Russo, Gragnano, Girolami, Eccher, Malapelle and Troncone. FAU - Pisapia, Pasquale AU - Pisapia P AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Pepe, Francesco AU - Pepe F AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Iaccarino, Antonino AU - Iaccarino A AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Sgariglia, Roberta AU - Sgariglia R AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Nacchio, Mariantonia AU - Nacchio M AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Conticelli, Floriana AU - Conticelli F AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Salatiello, Maria AU - Salatiello M AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Tufano, Rossella AU - Tufano R AD - CEINGE Biotecnologie Avanzate, Naples, Italy. FAU - Russo, Gianluca AU - Russo G AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Gragnano, Gianluca AU - Gragnano G AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Girolami, Ilaria AU - Girolami I AD - Division of Pathology, Central Hospital Bolzano, Bolzano, Italy. FAU - Eccher, Albino AU - Eccher A AD - Department of Pathology and Diagnostics, University and Hospital Trust of Verona, Verona, Italy. FAU - Malapelle, Umberto AU - Malapelle U AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. FAU - Troncone, Giancarlo AU - Troncone G AD - Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Review DEP - 20210211 PL - Switzerland TA - Front Med (Lausanne) JT - Frontiers in medicine JID - 101648047 PMC - PMC7904874 OTO - NOTNLM OT - NSCLC OT - cell block OT - cytopathology OT - fine needle aspiration OT - liquid based cytology OT - molecular cytopathology OT - smear COIS- UM reports personal fees (as speaker bureau or advisor) from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Roche, MSD, Amgen, and Merck, unrelated to the current work. GT reports personal fees (as speaker bureau or advisor) from Roche, MSD, Pfizer, and Bayer, unrelated to the current work. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. EDAT- 2021/03/02 06:00 MHDA- 2021/03/02 06:01 PMCR- 2021/02/11 CRDT- 2021/03/01 05:39 PHST- 2020/11/26 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/01/19 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/01 05:39 [entrez] PHST- 2021/03/02 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/03/02 06:01 [medline] PHST- 2021/02/11 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - 10.3389/fmed.2021.633923 [doi] PST - epublish SO - Front Med (Lausanne). 2021 Feb 11;8:633923. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2021.633923. eCollection 2021.