PMID- 33681776
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20220421
IS  - 2632-6140 (Electronic)
IS  - 2632-6140 (Linking)
VI  - 2
IP  - 1
DP  - 2020
TI  - Effect of remote ischaemic preconditioning on walking in people with multiple 
      sclerosis: double-blind randomised controlled trial.
PG  - e000022
LID - 10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022 [doi]
LID - e000022
AB  - BACKGROUND: Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) is the exposure of body parts 
      to brief periods of circulatory occlusion and reperfusion. Recent studies have 
      also shown that RIPC can improve exercise performance in healthy individuals. 
      OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of RIPC on walking in people 
      with multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: This was a double-blind randomised 
      controlled clinical trial. We used three cycles of RIPC delivered by occluding 
      the upper arm with a blood pressure (BP) cuff inflated to a pressure of 30 mm Hg 
      above the systolic BP. In patients in the sham intervention group, the BP cuff 
      was inflated only to 30 mm Hg below diastolic BP. Outcome measures included the 
      Six-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), gait speed, the Borg rate of perceived exertion 
      (RPE) scale, the tolerability of the RIPC using a Numerical Rating Scale for 
      discomfort from 0 to 10, and adverse events. We identified responders meeting the 
      minimal clinically important difference (MCID) established in the literature in 
      each group. RESULTS: Seventy-five participants completed the study (RIPC: 38 and 
      Sham: 37). The distance walked during the 6MWT improved by 1.9% in the sham group 
      and 5.7% in the RIPC group (p=0.012). The number of responders meeting MCID 
      criteria in the RIPC group was significantly greater compared with the sham 
      intervention group. No serious adverse events occurred. CONCLUSION: Single cycle 
      of RIPC resulted in immediate improvement in walking distances during 6MWT in 
      people with MS. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBERS: NCT03153553.
CI  - (c) Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No 
      commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
FAU - Chotiyarnwong, Chayaporn
AU  - Chotiyarnwong C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5622-9811
AD  - Rehabilitation Medicine, Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, 
      Bangkok, Thailand.
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Nair, Krishnan
AU  - Nair K
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4004-2315
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Angelini, Lorenza
AU  - Angelini L
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO, The University of Sheffield, 
      Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Buckley, Ellen
AU  - Buckley E
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO, The University of Sheffield, 
      Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Mazza, Claudia
AU  - Mazza C
AD  - Department of Mechanical Engineering and INSIGNEO, The University of Sheffield, 
      Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Heyes, Daniel
AU  - Heyes D
AD  - SiTRAN, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Ramiz, Ridha
AU  - Ramiz R
AD  - SiTRAN, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Baster, Kathleen
AU  - Baster K
AD  - Statistical Services Unit, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Ismail, Azza
AU  - Ismail A
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Das, Joyutpal
AU  - Das J
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Ali, Ali
AU  - Ali A
AD  - NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS 
      Foundation Trust, Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Lindert, Ralf
AU  - Lindert R
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Sharrack, Basil
AU  - Sharrack B
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Price, Sian
AU  - Price S
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
FAU - Paling, David
AU  - Paling D
AD  - Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Sheffield, UK.
LA  - eng
SI  - ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT03153553
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20200323
PL  - England
TA  - BMJ Neurol Open
JT  - BMJ neurology open
JID - 101775450
PMC - PMC7903187
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - exercise tolerance
OT  - fatigue
OT  - gait
OT  - multiple sclerosis
OT  - remote ischemic preconditioning
COIS- Competing interests: None declared.
EDAT- 2021/03/09 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/09 06:01
PMCR- 2020/03/23
CRDT- 2021/03/08 05:58
PHST- 2019/11/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/01/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/02/04 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/08 05:58 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/03/09 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/09 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2020/03/23 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - bmjno-2019-000022 [pii]
AID - 10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMJ Neurol Open. 2020 Mar 23;2(1):e000022. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2019-000022. 
      eCollection 2020.