PMID- 33693927 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210830 LR - 20240226 IS - 1541-6100 (Electronic) IS - 0022-3166 (Linking) VI - 151 IP - 5 DP - 2021 May 11 TI - Diet Protein Content and Individual Phenotype Affect Food Intake and Protein Appetence in Rats. PG - 1311-1319 LID - 10.1093/jn/nxaa455 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: A low-protein diet can induce compensatory intake of excess energy. This must be better evaluated to anticipate the obesogenic risk that may result from the dietary recommendations for reducing animal protein consumption. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to further characterize the behavioral and physiological responses to a reduction in dietary protein and to identify the determinants of protein appetite. METHODS: Thirty-two male Wistar rats [4 wk old, (mean +/- SEM) 135 +/- 32 g body weight] were fed a low-protein (LP; 6% energy value) or normal-protein (NP; 20%) diet for 8 wk. Food intake and body mass were measured during the entire intervention. During self-selection sessions after 4 wk of experimental diets, we evaluated rat food preference between LP, NP, or high-protein (HP; 55%) pellets. At the end of the experiment, we assessed their hedonic response [ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs)] and c-Fos neuronal activation in the olfactory tubercle and nucleus accumbens (NAcc) associated with an LP or HP meal. RESULTS: Rats fed an LP diet had greater food intake (24%), body weight (5%), and visceral adiposity (30%) than NP rats. All LP rats and half of the NP rats showed a nearly exclusive preference for HP pellets during self-selection sessions, whereas the other half of the NP rats showed no preference. This suggests that the appetite for proteins is driven not only by a low protein status but also by individual traits in NP rats. LP or HP meal induced similar USV emission and similar neuronal activation in the NAcc in feed-deprived LP and NP rats, showing no specific response linked to protein appetite. CONCLUSIONS: Protein appetite in rats is driven by low protein status or individual preferences in rats receiving adequate protein amounts. This must be considered and further analyzed, in the context of current recommendations for protein intake reduction. CI - (c) The Author(s) 2021. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Society for Nutrition. FAU - Champeil-Potokar, Gaelle AU - Champeil-Potokar G AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Crossouard, Lucas AU - Crossouard L AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Jerome, Nathalie AU - Jerome N AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Ouali, Christian AU - Ouali C AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Darcel, Nicolas AU - Darcel N AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1517-5658 AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Davidenko, Olga AU - Davidenko O AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-8782-7008 AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Rampin, Olivier AU - Rampin O AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Bombail, Vincent AU - Bombail V AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3313-2854 AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. FAU - Denis, Isabelle AU - Denis I AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0170-2963 AD - Physiology of Nutrition and Feeding Behavior Unit (PNCA, UMR 0914), University of Paris-Saclay-AgroParisTech-National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), Paris, France. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't PL - United States TA - J Nutr JT - The Journal of nutrition JID - 0404243 RN - 0 (Dietary Proteins) SB - IM MH - Adiposity MH - Animals MH - Appetite/*drug effects MH - Body Weight MH - *Diet, Protein-Restricted MH - Dietary Proteins/administration & dosage/*pharmacology MH - Eating/*drug effects MH - Energy Intake/*drug effects MH - Food Preferences/*drug effects MH - Intra-Abdominal Fat MH - Male MH - Meat MH - Nucleus Accumbens MH - Obesity MH - Olfactory Tubercle MH - *Phenotype MH - Rats, Wistar MH - Rats OTO - NOTNLM OT - appetence for protein OT - food preference OT - food self-selection OT - hyperphagia OT - low protein consumption OT - olfactory tubercle OT - reward OT - ultrasonic vocalizations EDAT- 2021/03/12 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/31 06:00 CRDT- 2021/03/11 07:04 PHST- 2020/10/20 00:00 [received] PHST- 2020/11/17 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2020/12/29 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/12 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/31 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/11 07:04 [entrez] AID - S0022-3166(22)00166-3 [pii] AID - 10.1093/jn/nxaa455 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - J Nutr. 2021 May 11;151(5):1311-1319. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa455.