PMID- 33717029
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210316
IS  - 1664-302X (Print)
IS  - 1664-302X (Electronic)
IS  - 1664-302X (Linking)
VI  - 12
DP  - 2021
TI  - Microbial Functional Responses in Marine Biofilms Exposed to Deepwater Horizon 
      Spill Contaminants.
PG  - 636054
LID - 10.3389/fmicb.2021.636054 [doi]
LID - 636054
AB  - Marine biofilms are essential biological components that transform built 
      structures into artificial reefs. Anthropogenic contaminants released into the 
      marine environment, such as crude oil and chemical dispersant from an oil spill, 
      may disrupt the diversity and function of these foundational biofilms. To 
      investigate the response of marine biofilm microbiomes from distinct environments 
      to contaminants and to address microbial functional response, biofilm metagenomes 
      were analyzed from two short-term microcosms, one using surface seawater (SSW) 
      and the other using deep seawater (DSW). Following exposure to crude oil, 
      chemical dispersant, and dispersed oil, taxonomically distinct communities were 
      observed between microcosms from different source water challenged with the same 
      contaminants and higher Shannon diversity was observed in SSW metagenomes. 
      Marinobacter, Colwellia, Marinomonas, and Pseudoalteromonas phylotypes 
      contributed to driving community differences between SSW and DSW. SSW metagenomes 
      were dominated by Rhodobacteraceae, known biofilm-formers, and DSW metagenomes 
      had the highest abundance of Marinobacter, associated with hydrocarbon 
      degradation and biofilm formation. Association of source water metadata with 
      treatment groups revealed that control biofilms (no contaminant) harbor the 
      highest percentage of significant KEGG orthologs (KOs). While 70% functional 
      similarity was observed among all metagenomes from both experiments, functional 
      differences between SSW and DSW metagenomes were driven primarily by membrane 
      transport KOs, while functional similarities were attributed to translation and 
      signaling and cellular process KOs. Oil and dispersant metagenomes were 90% 
      similar to each other in their respective experiments, which provides evidence of 
      functional redundancy in these microbiomes. When interrogating microbial 
      functional redundancy, it is crucial to consider how composition and function 
      evolve in tandem when assessing functional responses to changing environmental 
      conditions within marine biofilms. This study may have implications for future 
      oil spill mitigation strategies at the surface and at depth and also provides 
      information about the microbiome functional responses of biofilms on steel 
      structures in the marine built environment.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Mugge, Salerno and Hamdan.
FAU - Mugge, Rachel L
AU  - Mugge RL
AD  - Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University 
      of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, United States.
FAU - Salerno, Jennifer L
AU  - Salerno JL
AD  - Department of Environmental Science and Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, 
      VA, United States.
FAU - Hamdan, Leila J
AU  - Hamdan LJ
AD  - Division of Coastal Sciences, School of Ocean Science and Engineering, University 
      of Southern Mississippi, Ocean Springs, MS, United States.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210225
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Microbiol
JT  - Frontiers in microbiology
JID - 101548977
PMC - PMC7947620
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Deepwater Horizon oil spill
OT  - biofilm
OT  - functional redundancy
OT  - metagenome
OT  - microbiome
OT  - microcosm
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/16 06:01
PMCR- 2021/02/25
CRDT- 2021/03/15 06:57
PHST- 2020/11/30 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/28 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/15 06:57 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/25 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fmicb.2021.636054 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Microbiol. 2021 Feb 25;12:636054. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.636054. 
      eCollection 2021.