PMID- 33718419
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210316
IS  - 2296-861X (Print)
IS  - 2296-861X (Electronic)
IS  - 2296-861X (Linking)
VI  - 8
DP  - 2021
TI  - The Pros and Cons of Low Carbohydrate and Ketogenic Diets in the Prevention and 
      Treatment of Cancer.
PG  - 634845
LID - 10.3389/fnut.2021.634845 [doi]
LID - 634845
AB  - Ketogenic diets are low carbohydrate (CHO), high fat diets that are currently 
      very popular for weight loss. Since cancer cells typically consume far more 
      glucose than normal cells, low CHO diets are currently being considered as 
      possible therapeutic regimens to manage cancer. However, our understanding of the 
      safety and efficacy of such CHO-restricted diets in the prevention and treatment 
      of cancer is still in its infancy. In this perspective we provide an overview of 
      the current state of knowledge regarding the use of low CHO diets in the 
      prevention and treatment of cancer. We also highlight the gaps in our knowledge 
      regarding the potential usefulness of low CHO diets in cancer. While pre-clinical 
      rodent studies have provided convincing evidence that CHO restriction may be 
      effective in reducing cancer growth, there has not been sufficient attention 
      given to the effect of these low CHO diets, that are often high in fats and low 
      in soluble fiber, on inflammation. This is important, given that different fats 
      have distinct effects on inflammation. As well, we demonstrate that short chain 
      fatty acids, which are produced via the fermentation of fiber by our gut 
      microbiome, have more anti-inflammatory properties than beta-hydroxybutyrate, a 
      ketone body produced during nutritional ketosis that is touted to have 
      anti-inflammatory activity. Since chronic inflammation is strongly associated 
      with cancer formation, defining the type of fats in low CHO diets may contribute 
      to our understanding of whether these diets may work simply by reducing glucose 
      bioavailability, or via modulation of inflammatory responses.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elisia and Krystal.
FAU - Elisia, Ingrid
AU  - Elisia I
AD  - The Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
FAU - Krystal, Gerald
AU  - Krystal G
AD  - The Terry Fox Laboratory, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210225
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Nutr
JT  - Frontiers in nutrition
JID - 101642264
PMC - PMC7946860
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - cancer
OT  - inflammation
OT  - ketogenic
OT  - low carbohydrate
OT  - prevention
OT  - safety
OT  - treatment
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/16 06:01
PMCR- 2021/01/01
CRDT- 2021/03/15 07:09
PHST- 2020/11/29 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/15 07:09 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/16 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/01/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.3389/fnut.2021.634845 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Nutr. 2021 Feb 25;8:634845. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.634845. eCollection 
      2021.