PMID- 33720848
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220216
LR  - 20230302
IS  - 1476-1645 (Electronic)
IS  - 0002-9637 (Print)
IS  - 0002-9637 (Linking)
VI  - 104
IP  - 5
DP  - 2021 Mar 15
TI  - The Pathology of Lymphocytes, Histiocytes, and Immune Mechanisms in Mycobacterium 
      tuberculosis Granulomas.
PG  - 1796-1802
LID - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1372 [doi]
AB  - Granuloma formation is the pathologic hallmark of tuberculosis (TB). Few studies 
      have detailed the exact production of cytokines in human granulomatous 
      inflammation and little is known about accessory molecule expressions in 
      tuberculous granulomas. We aimed to identify some of the components of the immune 
      response in granulomas in HIV-positive and -negative lymph nodes. We investigated 
      the immunohistochemical profiles of CD4+, CD8+, CD68+, Th-17, Forkhead box P3 
      (FOXP3) cells, accessory molecule expression (human leukocyte antigen [HLA] 
      classes I and II), and selected cytokines (interleukins 2, 4, and 6 and 
      interferon-gamma) of various cells, in granulomas within lymph nodes from 10 
      HIV-negative (-) and 10 HIV-positive (+) cases. CD4+ lymphocyte numbers were 
      retained in HIV- granulomas, whereas CD4+:CD8 + cell were reversed in HIV+ TB 
      granulomas. CD68 stained all histiocytes. Granulomas from the HIV+ group 
      demonstrated a significant increase in FOXP3 cells. Interleukin-2 cytoplasmic 
      expression was similar in both groups. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) expression was 
      moderately increased, IL-6 was statistically increased and IL-4 expression was 
      marginally lower in cells from HIV- than HIV+ TB granulomas. Greater numbers of 
      cells expressed IFN-gamma and IL-6 than IL-2 and IL-4 in HIV- TB granulomas. This 
      study highlights the varied cytokine production in HIV-positive and -negative TB 
      granulomas and indicates the need to identify localized tissue factors that play 
      a role in mounting an adequate immune response required to halt infection. 
      Although TB mono-infection causes variation in cell marker expression and 
      cytokines in granulomas, alterations in TB and HIV coinfection are greater, 
      pointing toward evolution of microorganism synergism.
FAU - Wadee, Reubina
AU  - Wadee R
AD  - 1Department of Anatomical Pathology, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health 
      Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, and National Health Laboratory Service 
      (NHLS), Johannesburg, South Africa.
FAU - Wadee, Ahmed A
AU  - Wadee AA
AD  - 2South African Technology Network, Durban, South Africa.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210315
PL  - United States
TA  - Am J Trop Med Hyg
JT  - The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene
JID - 0370507
RN  - 0 (Antigens, CD)
RN  - 0 (Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic)
RN  - 0 (CD68 antigen, human)
RN  - 0 (FOXP3 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Forkhead Transcription Factors)
RN  - 0 (IL4 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (IL6 protein, human)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-2)
RN  - 0 (Interleukin-6)
RN  - 207137-56-2 (Interleukin-4)
RN  - 82115-62-6 (Interferon-gamma)
SB  - IM
MH  - Antigens, CD/genetics/immunology
MH  - Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic/genetics/immunology
MH  - CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/microbiology/virology
MH  - CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes/*immunology/microbiology/virology
MH  - Coinfection
MH  - Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics/immunology
MH  - Gene Expression
MH  - Granuloma/*immunology/microbiology/pathology/virology
MH  - HIV/immunology/pathogenicity
MH  - HIV Infections/*immunology/microbiology/pathology/virology
MH  - Histiocytes/*immunology/microbiology/virology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Immunohistochemistry
MH  - Interferon-gamma/genetics/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-2/genetics/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-4/genetics/immunology
MH  - Interleukin-6/genetics/immunology
MH  - Latent Tuberculosis/*immunology/microbiology/pathology/virology
MH  - Lymph Nodes/immunology/microbiology/virology
MH  - Lymphocyte Count
MH  - Mycobacterium tuberculosis/immunology/pathogenicity
MH  - Th17 Cells/*immunology/microbiology/virology
MH  - Tuberculosis, Lymph Node/*immunology/microbiology/pathology/virology
PMC - PMC8103466
COIS- Disclosure: The experimental work of this manuscript has been submitted and 
      awarded by the University of the Witwatersrand for the degree of Master of 
      Medicine, to R. Wadee.
EDAT- 2021/03/16 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/17 06:00
PMCR- 2022/05/01
CRDT- 2021/03/15 17:21
PHST- 2020/10/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/17 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/15 17:21 [entrez]
PHST- 2022/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - tpmd201372 [pii]
AID - 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1372 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Mar 15;104(5):1796-1802. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1372.