PMID- 33723588
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220210
LR  - 20220210
IS  - 1944-7922 (Electronic)
IS  - 1060-3271 (Linking)
VI  - 105
IP  - 1
DP  - 2022 Feb 4
TI  - Monitoring of Some Chemical Contaminants Residue in Imported Wheat and Barley 
      Grains Using QuEChERS Method and GC-MS/MS.
PG  - 115-128
LID - 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab031 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Cereal grains are an important for the nutrition of both humans and 
      animals, and contribute to the nutrition cycle in different ways. Chemical 
      contaminants are important to be monitored in food due to their direct effects on 
      human health. OBJECTIVE: This work aimed to monitor some of the hazardous 
      chemical contaminants i.e., organochlorines (OCs), pyrethroids, polychlorinated 
      biphenyls (PCBs), and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in wheat and barley 
      grains of European origin during 2019. METHOD: Samples were collected 
      consecutively during the season and the QuEChERS technique (quick, easy, cheap, 
      effective, rugged, and safe) followed by GC-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) 
      analysis was used in the extraction and cleaning up for all analyzed compounds. 
      The method was verified, and a recovery study was performed at two spiking 
      levels: 0.01 and 0.05 microg/g. RSD(%), LOD, and LOQ were calculated. Recovery ranged 
      from 78.70-104.00% for all compounds at both levels at RSD 2.16-11.76%. Fat, 
      moisture, protein, and specific weight contents of both grains of all studied 
      origins were also recorded. RESULTS: Results revealed that all detected 
      pesticides were lower than the estimated maximum residue limits (MRLs). Few 
      congeners of PCBs and PAHs were detected in the most of origins with tiny amounts 
      but no estimated MRLs for it in cereal grains to be compared. CONCLUSIONS: None 
      of the analyzed OCs were detected except endosulfan-I which was detected in some 
      wheat samples from Ukraine and Poland, and some barley samples from Latvia, but 
      still lower than the MRL. HIGHLIGHTS: None of the OCs, highly toxic PCBs or the 
      carcinogenic PAH benzo[a]pyrene were detected in any analyzed samples.
CI  - (c) AOAC INTERNATIONAL 2021. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: 
      journals.permissions@oup.com.
FAU - Thabit, Tamer M A M
AU  - Thabit TMAM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4862-2397
AD  - Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory 
      (CAPL), Giza 12611, Egypt.
AD  - Central Laboratory of Research, Saudi Arabia Grains Organization (SAGO), Riyadh 
      11471, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
FAU - El-Hefny, Dalia E
AU  - El-Hefny DE
AD  - Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Central Agricultural Pesticides Laboratory 
      (CAPL), Giza 12611, Egypt.
FAU - Elgeddawy, Dalia I H
AU  - Elgeddawy DIH
AD  - Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Sugar Crops Research Institute (SCRI), Giza 
      12619, Egypt.
FAU - El-Naggar, Medhat A H
AU  - El-Naggar MAH
AD  - Central Laboratory of Research, Saudi Arabia Grains Organization (SAGO), Riyadh 
      11471, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
AD  - Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Plant Pathology Research Institute, Giza 
      12611, Egypt.
FAU - Serageldin, Ferhad M
AU  - Serageldin FM
AD  - Central Laboratory of Research, Saudi Arabia Grains Organization (SAGO), Riyadh 
      11471, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - England
TA  - J AOAC Int
JT  - Journal of AOAC International
JID - 9215446
RN  - 0 (Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons)
RN  - DFC2HB4I0K (Polychlorinated Biphenyls)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
MH  - *Hordeum
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Polychlorinated Biphenyls/analysis
MH  - *Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons/analysis
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
MH  - Triticum
EDAT- 2021/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/11 06:00
CRDT- 2021/03/16 06:54
PHST- 2020/12/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/23 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/05 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/11 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/16 06:54 [entrez]
AID - 6173410 [pii]
AID - 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab031 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J AOAC Int. 2022 Feb 4;105(1):115-128. doi: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab031.