PMID- 33724444
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211006
LR  - 20211006
IS  - 1532-5415 (Electronic)
IS  - 0002-8614 (Linking)
VI  - 69
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Jun
TI  - Mediterranean diet and risk for dementia and cognitive decline in a Mediterranean 
      population.
PG  - 1548-1559
LID - 10.1111/jgs.17072 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Current evidence suggests that nutrition in general and specific 
      dietary patterns in particular, such as the Mediterranean type diet (MeDi), can 
      be employed as potential preventive strategies against the development of 
      dementia and cognitive decline. However, longitudinal data exploring the 
      applicability of these findings in populations of Mediterranean origin are 
      limited. The aim of the present study was to explore the potential relationships 
      of MeDi adherence with dementia incidence rates and cognitive change over time in 
      a traditional Mediterranean population, characterized by a lifelong exposure to 
      Mediterranean eating habits and lifestyle. METHODS: The sample consisted of 1046 
      non-demented individuals over the age of 64 (mean age = 73.1; SD = 5.0), with 
      available baseline dietary information and longitudinal follow-up. Diagnosis of 
      dementia was made by a full clinical and neuropsychological evaluation, while 
      cognitive performance was assessed according to five cognitive domains (memory, 
      language, attention-speed, executive functioning, visuospatial perception) and a 
      global cognitive score. Adherence to MeDi was evaluated by an a priori score 
      (range 0-55), derived from a detailed food frequency questionnaire. RESULTS: A 
      total of 62 incident dementia cases occurred during a mean (SD) of 3.1 (0.9) 
      years of follow-up. Individuals in the highest MeDi quartile (highest adherence 
      to MeDi) had a 72% lower risk for development of dementia, compared to those in 
      the lowest one (p = 0.013). In addition, analysis of cognitive performance as a 
      function of MeDi score revealed that the biennial cognitive benefit of a 10-unit 
      increase in MeDi score offsets the cognitive decline associated with 1 year of 
      cognitive aging. CONCLUSION: In the present study, higher adherence to MeDi was 
      associated with a reduced risk for dementia and cognitive decline in a 
      traditional Mediterranean population.
CI  - (c) 2021 The American Geriatrics Society.
FAU - Charisis, Sokratis
AU  - Charisis S
AD  - 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Ntanasi, Eva
AU  - Ntanasi E
AD  - 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Yannakoulia, Mary
AU  - Yannakoulia M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2171-7337
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Anastasiou, Costas A
AU  - Anastasiou CA
AD  - Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Kosmidis, Mary H
AU  - Kosmidis MH
AD  - Lab of Cognitive Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Aristotle University of 
      Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
FAU - Dardiotis, Efthimios
AU  - Dardiotis E
AD  - School of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece.
FAU - Hadjigeorgiou, Georgios
AU  - Hadjigeorgiou G
AD  - Department of Neurology, Medical School, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus.
FAU - Sakka, Paraskevi
AU  - Sakka P
AD  - Athens Association of Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders, Athens, Greece.
FAU - Scarmeas, Nikolaos
AU  - Scarmeas N
AD  - 1st Department of Neurology, Aiginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian 
      University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
AD  - Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, the 
      Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, Department of Neurology, Columbia University, New 
      York, New York, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - IIRG-09-133014/ALZ/Alzheimer's Association/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210316
PL  - United States
TA  - J Am Geriatr Soc
JT  - Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
JID - 7503062
SB  - IM
MH  - Aged
MH  - Cognitive Dysfunction/*epidemiology
MH  - Dementia/*epidemiology
MH  - *Diet, Mediterranean
MH  - Female
MH  - Greece/epidemiology
MH  - Humans
MH  - Male
MH  - Neuropsychological Tests/statistics & numerical data
MH  - Risk Factors
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Alzheimer's disease
OT  - Mediterranean diet
OT  - aging
OT  - cognitive decline
OT  - dementia
EDAT- 2021/03/17 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/07 06:00
CRDT- 2021/03/16 12:38
PHST- 2021/01/22 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2020/11/21 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/17 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/07 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/16 12:38 [entrez]
AID - 10.1111/jgs.17072 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Am Geriatr Soc. 2021 Jun;69(6):1548-1559. doi: 10.1111/jgs.17072. Epub 2021 Mar 
      16.