PMID- 33733634
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240331
IS  - 2092-7355 (Print)
IS  - 2092-7363 (Electronic)
IS  - 2092-7355 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 3
DP  - 2021 May
TI  - Biomarkers for Severe Asthma: Lessons From Longitudinal Cohort Studies.
PG  - 375-389
LID - 10.4168/aair.2021.13.3.375 [doi]
AB  - Severe asthma (SA) is a heterogeneous disease characterized by uncontrolled 
      symptoms, frequent exacerbations, and lung function decline. The discovery of 
      phenotypes and endotypes of SA significantly improves our understanding of its 
      pathophysiology and allows the advent of biologics blocking multiple molecular 
      targets. The advances have mainly been made in type 2-high asthma associated with 
      elevated type 2 inflammatory biomarkers such as immunoglobulin E (IgE), 
      interleukins (IL)-4, IL-5, and IL-13. Previous clinical trials have demonstrated 
      that type 2 biomarkers, including blood/sputum eosinophils and the fraction of 
      exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO), were correlated to severe airway inflammation, 
      persistent symptoms, frequent exacerbations, and the clinical efficacy of these 
      biomarkers in predicting treatment outcomes of type 2-targeting biologics. 
      However, it is well known that type 2 inflammation is partially attributable to 
      the pathogenesis of SA. Although some recent studies have suggested that type 
      2-low and mixed phenotypes of asthma are important contributors to the 
      heterogeneity of SA, many questions about these non-type 2 asthma phenotypes 
      remain to be solved. Consequently, many efforts to investigate and find novel 
      biomarkers for SA have also made in their methods. Many cross-sectional 
      experimental studies in large-scale cohorts and randomized clinical trials have 
      proved their value in understanding SA. More recently, real-world cohort studies 
      have been in the limelight for SA research, which is unbiased and expected to 
      give us an answer to the unmet needs of the heterogeneity of SA.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Korean Academy of Asthma, Allergy and Clinical Immunology . 
      The Korean Academy of Pediatric Allergy and Respiratory Disease.
FAU - Lee, Youngsoo
AU  - Lee Y
AD  - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of 
      Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
FAU - Quoc, Quang Luu
AU  - Quoc QL
AD  - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of 
      Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 
      Korea.
FAU - Park, Hae Sim
AU  - Park HS
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2614-0303
AD  - Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Ajou University School of 
      Medicine, Suwon, Korea.
AD  - Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, 
      Korea. hspark@ajou.ac.kr.
LA  - eng
GR  - H116C0992/Korea Health Industry Development Institute/Republic of Korea
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
PL  - Korea (South)
TA  - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res
JT  - Allergy, asthma & immunology research
JID - 101518382
PMC - PMC7984946
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Asthma
OT  - biologics
OT  - biomarkers
OT  - cohort
OT  - eosinophil
OT  - leukotriene
OT  - neutrophil
OT  - severe asthma
OT  - therapeutics
COIS- There are no financial or other issues that might lead to conflict of interests.
EDAT- 2021/03/19 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/19 06:01
PMCR- 2021/05/01
CRDT- 2021/03/18 07:17
PHST- 2020/12/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/18 07:17 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/03/19 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/19 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 13.375 [pii]
AID - 10.4168/aair.2021.13.3.375 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Allergy Asthma Immunol Res. 2021 May;13(3):375-389. doi: 
      10.4168/aair.2021.13.3.375.