PMID- 33740942
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210521
LR  - 20210521
IS  - 1471-2458 (Electronic)
IS  - 1471-2458 (Linking)
VI  - 21
IP  - 1
DP  - 2021 Mar 19
TI  - Does socio-economic inequality exist in micro-nutrients supplementation among 
      children aged 6-59 months in India? Evidence from National Family Health Survey 
      2005-06 and 2015-16.
PG  - 545
LID - 10.1186/s12889-021-10601-6 [doi]
LID - 545
AB  - BACKGROUND: Globally, about 25% of children suffer from subclinical vitamin A 
      deficiency (VAD), and approximately 300 million children globally had anemia as 
      per 2011 estimates. Micronutrient deficiencies are generally referred to as 
      "hidden hunger" because these deficiencies developed gradually. The present study 
      determines the socio-economic inequalities in vitamin A supplementation (VAS) and 
      Iron supplementation (IS) among children aged 6-59 months in India and to 
      estimate the change in the percent contribution of different socio-economic 
      correlates for such inequality from 2005 to 06 to 2015-16. METHODS: Data from 
      National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2005-06 and 2015-16 was used for the 
      analysis. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression analysis was used to carve 
      out the results. Moreover, Wagstaff decomposition analysis was used to find the 
      factors which contributed to explain socio-economic status-related inequality 
      among children in India. RESULTS: It was revealed that the percentage of children 
      who do not receive vitamin A supplementation was reduced from 85.5% to 42.1%, 
      whereas in the case of IS, the percentage reduced from 95.3% to 73.9% from 
      2005-06 to 2015-16 respectively. The child's age, mother's educational status, 
      birth order, breastfeeding status, place of residence and empowered action group 
      (EAG) status of states were the factors that were significantly associated with 
      vitamin A supplementation and iron supplementation among children in India. 
      Moreover, it was found the children who do not receive vitamin A supplementation 
      and iron supplementation got more concentrated among lower socio-economic strata. 
      A major contribution for explaining the gap for socio-economic status (SES) 
      related inequality was explained by mother's educational status, household wealth 
      status, and empowered action group status of states for both vitamin A 
      supplementation and iron supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 
      India. CONCLUSION: Schemes like the Integrated Child Development Scheme (ICDS) 
      would play a significant role in reducing the socio-economic status-related gap 
      for micro-nutrient supplementation among children in India. Proper implementation 
      of ICDS will be enough for reducing the gap between rich and poor children 
      regarding micro-nutrient supplementation.
FAU - Srivastava, Shobhit
AU  - Srivastava S
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, 
      India. shobhitsrivastava889@gmail.com.
FAU - Kumar, Shubham
AU  - Kumar S
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, 
      India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210319
PL  - England
TA  - BMC Public Health
JT  - BMC public health
JID - 100968562
SB  - IM
MH  - Child
MH  - Child, Preschool
MH  - *Dietary Supplements
MH  - Health Surveys
MH  - Humans
MH  - India/epidemiology
MH  - Infant
MH  - *Nutrients
MH  - Socioeconomic Factors
PMC - PMC7980608
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - India
OT  - Iron-supplementation
OT  - NFHS
OT  - Socio-economic inequality
OT  - Vitamin A supplementation
COIS- The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
EDAT- 2021/03/21 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/22 06:00
PMCR- 2021/03/19
CRDT- 2021/03/20 05:35
PHST- 2021/01/06 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/20 05:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/03/21 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/22 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-021-10601-6 [pii]
AID - 10601 [pii]
AID - 10.1186/s12889-021-10601-6 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 19;21(1):545. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10601-6.