PMID- 33771578 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20211122 LR - 20211122 IS - 1872-7972 (Electronic) IS - 0304-3940 (Linking) VI - 752 DP - 2021 May 1 TI - The role of pre-pubertal training history on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and glucocorticoid receptor protein levels in adult male rats. PG - 135834 LID - S0304-3940(21)00212-3 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135834 [doi] AB - Neurotrophic factors play an integral role in hippocampal plasticity, and interaction with HPA axis components, especially glucocorticoid receptors (GR), can mediate the structural and functional changes. In the present work, we investigated the long-term effects of combined exercise training (CET) and voluntary physical activity in an enriched environment (EE) in the pre-pubertal period on hippocampal neurotrophic factors and GR. For this purpose, a longitudinal study was designed. After three weeks, all rats were kept in the standard cages without any interventions until adulthood. Western blot analysis revealed a significant increase in hippocampal BDNF and VEGF protein levels in both EE and CET groups (P < 0.001), along with an increase in GR protein levels. In addition, EE decreased serum corticosterone levels compared to CET (P < 0.05). Serum insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels did not demonstrate remarkable changes between groups. Training interventions during sensitive developmental periods may produce profound and long-lasting effects on the hippocampus, at least in part by interactive effects of neurotrophic factors cascades and GR. CI - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. FAU - Rostami, Samira AU - Rostami S AD - Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. FAU - Haghparast, Abbas AU - Haghparast A AD - Neuroscience Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: Haghparast@sbmu.ac.ir. FAU - Fayazmilani, Rana AU - Fayazmilani R AD - Department of Biological Sciences in Sport, Faculty of Sport Sciences and Health, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address: R_milani@sbu.ac.ir. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210323 PL - Ireland TA - Neurosci Lett JT - Neuroscience letters JID - 7600130 RN - 0 (Bdnf protein, rat) RN - 0 (Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor) RN - 0 (Receptors, Glucocorticoid) RN - 0 (Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A) RN - 0 (vascular endothelial growth factor A, rat) SB - IM MH - Adolescent MH - Adolescent Development/*physiology MH - Animals MH - Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/analysis/metabolism MH - Hippocampus/*growth & development/metabolism MH - Humans MH - Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism MH - Longitudinal Studies MH - Male MH - Models, Animal MH - Physical Conditioning, Animal/*physiology MH - Pituitary-Adrenal System/metabolism MH - Rats MH - Receptors, Glucocorticoid/analysis/metabolism MH - Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/analysis/metabolism OTO - NOTNLM OT - Brain development OT - Enriched environment OT - Forced training OT - Glucocorticoid receptor OT - Neurotrophic factors EDAT- 2021/03/28 06:00 MHDA- 2021/11/23 06:00 CRDT- 2021/03/27 05:48 PHST- 2021/01/29 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/13 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/03/17 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/28 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/11/23 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/27 05:48 [entrez] AID - S0304-3940(21)00212-3 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135834 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Neurosci Lett. 2021 May 1;752:135834. doi: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135834. Epub 2021 Mar 23.