PMID- 33779263
OWN - NLM
STAT- Publisher
LR  - 20240222
IS  - 0191-2917 (Print)
IS  - 0191-2917 (Linking)
DP  - 2021 Mar 29
TI  - First Report of 16SrII-V Peanut Witches' Broom Phytoplasma in Snake Gourd 
      (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.) in Taiwan.
LID - 10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2666-PDN [doi]
AB  - Snake gourd (Trichosanthes cucumerina L.), an annual climbing plant belonging to 
      the family of Cucurbitaceae, is native to Southeast Asia countries, e.g., India, 
      Pakistan, Malaysia, China, and Indonesia. It is commonly consumed as a vegetable 
      and also used as a traditional herbal medicine due to the antidiabetic, 
      anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, hepatoprotective, and cytotoxic activities 
      (Devi 2017). In September 2020, phytoplasma-induced disease symptoms such as 
      little leaf, yellowing, phyllody, virescence, and witches' broom were observed on 
      snake gourd in Yunlin County, Taiwan. The cross-sectional examination of the 
      symptomatic plant by transmission electron microscopy showed typical 
      phytoplasma-like pleomorphic bodies with spherical, oval and tubular shapes in 
      sieve elements. Further examination by nested PCR revealed that a 1.2 kb DNA 
      fragment for 16S rRNA gene was only amplified from symptomatic leaf of snake 
      gourd using the phytoplasma universal primer pairs P1/P7 followed by 
      R16F2n/R16R2. BLAST and iPhyClassifier 
      (https://plantpathology.ba.ars.usda.gov/cgi-bin/resource/iphyclassifier.cgi) 
      analyses on the amplified DNA fragment (accession no. MW309142) revealed that it 
      shares 100% identity with that of GenBank accession NZ_AMWZ01000008 (complement 
      [31109 to 32640]) of peanut witches' broom (PnWB) phytoplasma, a 'Candidatus 
      phytoplasma aurantifolia'-related strain (Firrao et al. 2004), and could be 
      classified into the 16SrII-V subgroup. Samples examined by nested PCR were 
      further characterized by western blotting using the polyclonal antibody raised 
      against the Imp of PnWB phytoplasma (Chien et al. 2020a, b). An expected signal 
      of 19 kDa specific for Imp was only detected in the symptomatic snake gourd, but 
      not in healthy snake gourd. Since the disease symptoms caused by phytoplasma 
      infection are highly dependent on the secreted effectors (Namba 2019), phyllogen 
      gene that is responsible for phyllody and virescence symptoms was amplified from 
      symptomatic snake gourd by PCR. BLAST analysis revealed that phyllogen identified 
      in snake gourd is identical with that of PnWB phytoplasma. In Taiwan, species of 
      family Cucurbitaceae such as loofah, bitter gourd, and pumpkin are commonly 
      infected by 16SrVIII phytoplasma (Davis 2017). In this study, we report for the 
      first time that snake gourd, a species of family Cucurbitaceae, was infected by 
      16SrII-V PnWB phytoplasma in Taiwan.
FAU - Weng, Yi-Ying
AU  - Weng YY
AD  - National Taichung Girls Senior High School, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      cindyweng0930@gmail.com.
FAU - Liou, Wei-Cen
AU  - Liou WC
AD  - National Taichung Girls Senior High School, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      daisyliou20040604@gmail.com.
FAU - Chien, Yuanyu
AU  - Chien Y
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      papaya1032571@gmail.com.
FAU - Liao, Pei-Qing
AU  - Liao PQ
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      penny23penny23@gmail.com.
FAU - Wang, Chien-Jui
AU  - Wang CJ
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      kk9514095@gmail.com.
FAU - Chiu, Yi-Ching
AU  - Chiu YC
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      jean31019@gmail.com.
FAU - Chen, Yuh-Kun
AU  - Chen YK
AD  - Department of Plant Pathology, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan; 
      ykchen@nchu.edu.tw.
FAU - Yang, Jun-Yi
AU  - Yang JY
AD  - Institute of Biochemistry, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
AD  - Advanced Plant Biotechnology Center, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 
      Taiwan; jyang@nchu.edu.tw.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210329
PL  - United States
TA  - Plant Dis
JT  - Plant disease
JID - 9882809
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - <italic>Trichosanthes cucumerina</italic>
OT  - Peanut witches' broom disease
OT  - Phyllogen
OT  - Phytoplasma
OT  - Snake gourd
EDAT- 2021/03/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/03/30 06:00
CRDT- 2021/03/29 12:31
PHST- 2021/03/29 12:31 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/03/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/03/30 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2666-PDN [doi]
PST - aheadofprint
SO  - Plant Dis. 2021 Mar 29. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-12-20-2666-PDN.