PMID- 33780570 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210827 LR - 20240402 IS - 1365-2052 (Electronic) IS - 0268-9146 (Print) IS - 0268-9146 (Linking) VI - 52 IP - 3 DP - 2021 Jun TI - Mining the 99 Lives Cat Genome Sequencing Consortium database implicates genes and variants for the Ticked locus in domestic cats (Felis catus). PG - 321-332 LID - 10.1111/age.13059 [doi] AB - Tabby patterns of fur coats are defining characteristics in wild and domestic felids. Historically, three autosomal alleles at one locus (Tabby): Abyssinian (T(a) ; a.k.a. ticked), mackerel (T(m) ; a.k.a. striped) and blotched (t(b) ; a.k.a. classic, blotched) were thought to control these patterns in domestic cats and their breeds. Currently, at least three loci influence cat tabby markings, two of which are designated Tabby and Ticked. The Tabby locus is laeverin (LVRN) and affects the mackerel and blotched patterns. The unidentified gene for the Ticked locus on cat chromosome B1 was suggested to control the presence or absence of the ticked pattern (Tabby - Abyssinian (T(a) ; a.k.a. ticked). The cat reference genome (Cinnamon, the Abyssinian) has the ticked phenotype and the variant dataset and coat phenotypes from the 99 Lives Cat Genome Consortium (195 cats) were used to identify candidate genes and variants associated with the Ticked locus. Two strategies were used to find the Ticked allele(s), one considered Cinnamon with the reference allele or heterozygous (Strategy A) and the other considered Cinnamon as having the variant allele or heterozygous (Strategy B). For Strategy A, two variants in Dickkopf Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor 4 (DKK4), a p.Cys63Tyr (B1:41621481, c.188G>A) and a less common p.Ala18Val (B1:42620835, c.53C>T) variant are suggested as two alleles influencing the Ticked phenotype. Bioinformatic and molecular modeling analysis suggests that these changes disrupt a key disulfide bond in the Dkk4 cysteine-rich domain 1 or Dkk4 signal peptide cleavage respectively. All coding variants were excluded as Ticked alleles using Strategy B. CI - (c) 2021 The Authors. Animal Genetics published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics. FAU - Lyons, L A AU - Lyons LA AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1628-7726 AD - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. FAU - Buckley, R M AU - Buckley RM AD - Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, MO, 65211, USA. FAU - Harvey, R J AU - Harvey RJ AD - School of Health and Behavioural Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, Qld, 4558, Australia. CN - 99 Lives Cat Genome Consortium LA - eng GR - W16-030/Winn Feline Foundation/ GR - MT18-009/Winn Feline Foundation/ GR - MTW18-009/Winn Feline Foundation/ GR - MT19-001/Winn Feline Foundation/ PT - Journal Article DEP - 20210329 PL - England TA - Anim Genet JT - Animal genetics JID - 8605704 RN - 0 (Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins) SB - IM MH - Alleles MH - Amino Acid Sequence MH - Animals MH - Breeding MH - Cats/*genetics MH - Genome MH - Hair Color/*genetics MH - Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins/genetics MH - Phenotype PMC - PMC8252059 OTO - NOTNLM OT - DKK4 OT - Dickkopf Wnt Signaling Pathway Inhibitor 4 OT - Tabby OT - Abyssinian OT - coat pattern COIS- The authors disclose there are no conflicts of interest. The funders had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation of results or decision to publish. FIR - Abitbol, Marie IR - Abitbol M FIR - Aberdein, Danielle IR - Aberdein D FIR - Alves, Paulo C IR - Alves PC FIR - Ohlsson Andersson, Asa IR - Ohlsson Andersson A FIR - Bellone, Rebecca R IR - Bellone RR FIR - Bergstrom, Tomas F IR - Bergstrom TF FIR - Bilgen, Nuket IR - Bilgen N FIR - Boyko, Adam R IR - Boyko AR FIR - Brockman, Jeffrey A IR - Brockman JA FIR - Casal, Margret L IR - Casal ML FIR - Castelhano, Marta G IR - Castelhano MG FIR - Davis, Brian W IR - Davis BW FIR - Davison, Lucy IR - Davison L FIR - Distl, Ottmar IR - Distl O FIR - Dodman, Nicholas H IR - Dodman NH FIR - Ellinwood, N Matthew IR - Ellinwood NM FIR - Fogle, Jonathan E IR - Fogle JE FIR - Forman, Oliver P IR - Forman OP FIR - Garrick, Dorian J IR - Garrick DJ FIR - Ginns, Edward I IR - Ginns EI FIR - Haggstrom, Jens IR - Haggstrom J FIR - Hasegawa, Daisuke IR - Hasegawa D FIR - Haase, Bianca IR - Haase B FIR - Jagannathan, Vidhya IR - Jagannathan V FIR - Lait, Philippa IR - Lait P FIR - Hernandez, Isabel IR - Hernandez I FIR - Hytonen, Marjo K IR - Hytonen MK FIR - Kaukonen, Maria IR - Kaukonen M FIR - Kosho, Tomoki IR - Kosho T FIR - Leclerc, Emilie IR - Leclerc E FIR - Lear, Teri L IR - Lear TL FIR - Leeb, Tosso IR - Leeb T FIR - Li, Ronald H L IR - Li RHL FIR - Lohi, Hannes IR - Lohi H FIR - Longeri, Maria IR - Longeri M FIR - Magnuson, Mark A IR - Magnuson MA FIR - Malik, Richard IR - Malik R FIR - Mane, Shrinivasrao P IR - Mane SP FIR - Middleton, Rondo IR - Middleton R FIR - Munday, John S IR - Munday JS FIR - Murphy, William J IR - Murphy WJ FIR - Myers, Alexandra N IR - Myers AN FIR - Pedersen, Niels C IR - Pedersen NC FIR - Peterson-Jones, Simon M IR - Peterson-Jones SM FIR - Rothschild, Max F IR - Rothschild MF FIR - Rusbridge, Clare IR - Rusbridge C FIR - Schoenebeck, Jeffrey J IR - Schoenebeck JJ FIR - Shapiro, Beth IR - Shapiro B FIR - Stern, Joshua A IR - Stern JA FIR - Swanson, William F IR - Swanson WF FIR - Terio, Karen A IR - Terio KA FIR - Todhunter, Rory J IR - Todhunter RJ FIR - Warren, Wesley C IR - Warren WC FIR - Wilcox, Elizabeth A IR - Wilcox EA FIR - Wildschutte, Julia H IR - Wildschutte JH FIR - Yu, Yoshihiko IR - Yu Y EDAT- 2021/03/30 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/28 06:00 PMCR- 2021/07/02 CRDT- 2021/03/29 17:22 PHST- 2021/03/02 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/03/30 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/28 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/03/29 17:22 [entrez] PHST- 2021/07/02 00:00 [pmc-release] AID - AGE13059 [pii] AID - 10.1111/age.13059 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Anim Genet. 2021 Jun;52(3):321-332. doi: 10.1111/age.13059. Epub 2021 Mar 29.