PMID- 33803641
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210414
IS  - 2072-6694 (Print)
IS  - 2072-6694 (Electronic)
IS  - 2072-6694 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Mar 18
TI  - Association between Antiretroviral Therapy and Cancers among Children Living with 
      HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa.
LID - 10.3390/cancers13061379 [doi]
LID - 1379
AB  - Approximately 91% of the world's children living with HIV (CLWH) are in 
      sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Living with HIV confers a risk of developing 
      HIV-associated cancers. To determine the incidence and risk factors for cancer 
      among CLWH, we conducted a nested case-control study of children 0-18 years from 
      2004-2014 at five centers in four SSA countries. Incident cases of cancer and HIV 
      were frequency-matched to controls with HIV and no cancer. We calculated the 
      incidence density by cancer type, logistic regression, and relative risk to 
      evaluate risk factors of cancer. The adjusted incidence density of all cancers, 
      Kaposi sarcoma, and lymphoma were 47.6, 36.6, and 8.94 per 100,000 person-years, 
      respectively. Delayed ART until after 2 years of age was associated with cancer 
      (OR = 2.71, 95% CI 1.51, 4.89) even after adjusting for World Health Organization 
      clinical stage at the time of enrolment for HIV care (OR = 2.85, 95% CI 1.57, 
      5.13). The relative risk of cancer associated with severe CD4 suppression was 
      6.19 (p = 0.0002), 2.33 (p = 0.0042), and 1.77 (p = 0.0305) at 1, 5, and 10 years 
      of ART, respectively. The study demonstrates the high risk of cancers in CLWH and 
      the potential benefit of reducing this risk by the early initiation of ART.
FAU - Haq, Heather
AU  - Haq H
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4710-9911
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) at 
      Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Elyanu, Peter
AU  - Elyanu P
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
FAU - Bulsara, Shaun
AU  - Bulsara S
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Bacha, Jason M
AU  - Bacha JM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1093-5227
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) at 
      Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Tanzania, Mbeya, Tanzania.
FAU - Campbell, Liane R
AU  - Campbell LR
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3868-9312
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) at 
      Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Tanzania, Mbeya, Tanzania.
FAU - El-Mallawany, Nader K
AU  - El-Mallawany NK
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Keating, Elizabeth M
AU  - Keating EM
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Lesotho, Maseru, Lesotho.
FAU - Kisitu, Grace P
AU  - Kisitu GP
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
FAU - Mehta, Parth S
AU  - Mehta PS
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Global Hematology Oncology Pediatric Excellence Program, Texas Children's Cancer 
      and Hematology Centers, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Rees, Chris A
AU  - Rees CA
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Malawi, Lilongwe, Malawi.
FAU - Slone, Jeremy S
AU  - Slone JS
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Global Hematology Oncology Pediatric Excellence Program, Texas Children's Cancer 
      and Hematology Centers, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Kekitiinwa, Adeodata R
AU  - Kekitiinwa AR
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Uganda, Kampala, Uganda.
FAU - Matshaba, Mogomotsi
AU  - Matshaba M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6441-1218
AD  - Botswana-Baylor Children's Clinical Centre of Excellence, Gabarone, Botswana.
FAU - Mizwa, Michael B
AU  - Mizwa MB
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) at 
      Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Mwita, Lumumba
AU  - Mwita L
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine Children's Foundation-Tanzania, Mbeya, Tanzania.
FAU - Schutze, Gordon E
AU  - Schutze GE
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) at 
      Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Wanless, Sebastian R
AU  - Wanless SR
AD  - Baylor College of Medicine International Pediatric AIDS Initiative (BIPAI) at 
      Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Scheurer, Michael E
AU  - Scheurer ME
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-8379-6088
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
FAU - Lubega, Joseph
AU  - Lubega J
AD  - Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
AD  - Global Hematology Oncology Pediatric Excellence Program, Texas Children's Cancer 
      and Hematology Centers, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
LA  - eng
GR  - U54 CA254569/CA/NCI NIH HHS/United States
GR  - P30 CA125123-09S3/NH/NIH HHS/United States
GR  - U54 CCA254569/NH/NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210318
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Cancers (Basel)
JT  - Cancers
JID - 101526829
PMC - PMC8003101
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HIV-associated cancers
OT  - Kaposi sarcoma
OT  - antiretroviral therapy
OT  - lymphoma
OT  - pediatric
OT  - sub-Sahara Africa
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/04/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/04 06:01
PMCR- 2021/03/18
CRDT- 2021/04/03 01:15
PHST- 2021/01/20 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/02 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/14 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/03 01:15 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/18 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - cancers13061379 [pii]
AID - cancers-13-01379 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/cancers13061379 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Cancers (Basel). 2021 Mar 18;13(6):1379. doi: 10.3390/cancers13061379.