PMID- 33805264
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210428
IS  - 2075-4418 (Print)
IS  - 2075-4418 (Electronic)
IS  - 2075-4418 (Linking)
VI  - 11
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Mar 29
TI  - CXCR4-Directed PET/CT in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Neuroendocrine Carcinomas.
LID - 10.3390/diagnostics11040605 [doi]
LID - 605
AB  - We aimed to elucidate the diagnostic potential of the C-X-C motif chemokine 
      receptor 4 (CXCR4)-directed positron emission tomography (PET) tracer 
      (68)Ga-Pentixafor in patients with poorly differentiated neuroendocrine 
      carcinomas (NEC), relative to the established reference standard (18)F-FDG 
      PET/computed tomography (CT). In our database, we retrospectively identified 11 
      treatment-naive patients with histologically proven NEC, who underwent (18)F-FDG 
      and CXCR4-directed PET/CT for staging and therapy planning. The images were 
      analyzed on a per-patient and per-lesion basis and compared to 
      immunohistochemical staining (IHC) of CXCR4 from PET-guided biopsies. 
      (68)Ga-Pentixafor visualized tumor lesions in 10/11 subjects, while(18)F-FDG 
      revealed sites of disease in all 11 patients. Although weak to moderate CXCR4 
      expression could be corroborated by IHC in 10/11 cases, (18)F-FDG PET/CT detected 
      significantly more tumor lesions (102 vs. 42; total lesions, n = 107; p < 0.001). 
      Semi-quantitative analysis revealed markedly higher (18)F-FDG uptake as compared 
      to (68)Ga-Pentixafor (maximum and mean standardized uptake values (SUV) and 
      tumor-to-background ratios (TBR) of cancerous lesions, SUV(max): 12.8 +/- 9.8 vs. 
      5.2 +/- 3.7; SUV(mean): 7.4 +/- 5.4 vs. 3.1 +/- 3.2, p < 0.001; and, TBR 7.2 +/- 7.9 vs. 
      3.4 +/- 3.0, p < 0.001). Non-invasive imaging of CXCR4 expression in NEC is 
      inferior to the reference standard (18)F-FDG PET/CT.
FAU - Weich, Alexander
AU  - Weich A
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, University Hospital 
      Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
FAU - Werner, Rudolf A
AU  - Werner RA
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
AD  - The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division 
      of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Johns Hopkins University School of 
      Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
FAU - Buck, Andreas K
AU  - Buck AK
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Hartrampf, Philipp E
AU  - Hartrampf PE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5622-9849
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Serfling, Sebastian E
AU  - Serfling SE
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Scheurlen, Michael
AU  - Scheurlen M
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, University Hospital 
      Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
FAU - Wester, Hans-Jurgen
AU  - Wester HJ
AD  - Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Technische Universitat Munchen, 80333 Munchen, 
      Germany.
FAU - Meining, Alexander
AU  - Meining A
AD  - Department of Internal Medicine I, Gastroenterology, University Hospital 
      Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
FAU - Kircher, Stefan
AU  - Kircher S
AD  - Institute of Pathology, University of Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
FAU - Higuchi, Takahiro
AU  - Higuchi T
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
AD  - Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama 
      University, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
AD  - Comprehensive Heart Failure Center, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Pomper, Martin G
AU  - Pomper MG
AD  - The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division 
      of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Johns Hopkins University School of 
      Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
FAU - Rowe, Steven P
AU  - Rowe SP
AD  - The Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Division 
      of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Johns Hopkins University School of 
      Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.
FAU - Lapa, Constantin
AU  - Lapa C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-7536-2207
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
AD  - Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, 
      Germany.
FAU - Kircher, Malte
AU  - Kircher M
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4355-0881
AD  - European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) Center of Excellence, NET Zentrum, 
      University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, Germany.
AD  - Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Wurzburg, 97080 Wurzburg, 
      Germany.
AD  - Nuclear Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Augsburg, 86156 Augsburg, 
      Germany.
LA  - eng
GR  - YING/Novartis Pharma/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210329
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Diagnostics (Basel)
JT  - Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland)
JID - 101658402
PMC - PMC8067200
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 18F-FDG
OT  - 68Ga-Pentixafor
OT  - CXCR4
OT  - NEC
OT  - NET
COIS- H.J.W. is founder and shareholder of Scintomics. All other authors declare no 
      conflicts of interest. "The authors declare no conflict of interest." The funders 
      had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or 
      interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to 
      publish the results.
EDAT- 2021/04/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/04 06:01
PMCR- 2021/03/29
CRDT- 2021/04/03 01:20
PHST- 2021/02/05 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/03 01:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - diagnostics11040605 [pii]
AID - diagnostics-11-00605 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/diagnostics11040605 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Diagnostics (Basel). 2021 Mar 29;11(4):605. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics11040605.