PMID- 33810111
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210408
IS  - 2073-4360 (Electronic)
IS  - 2073-4360 (Linking)
VI  - 13
IP  - 6
DP  - 2021 Mar 22
TI  - Mechanical, Wear and Thermal Behavior of Polyethylene Blended with Graphite 
      Treated in Ball Milling.
LID - 10.3390/polym13060975 [doi]
LID - 975
AB  - Additive manufacturing, civil, and biomechanical applications are among the most 
      important sectors, where the filler's presence can significantly improve the 
      quality of polymeric products blends. The high market demand of new low-cost 
      material to be used as shock absorbers and mechanical joints arouses our 
      curiosity to study a relatively common commercial polymer and filler. The 
      possible improvement by blending high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and graphite 
      was investigated for these sectors. To achieve this objective, we have prepared 
      HDPE/graphite nanocomposites following mechanical treatment to understand which 
      parameter provides the researched properties. As widely reported in the 
      literature, milling treatment leads to the decrease of the particle size and the 
      exfoliation of graphitic layers. Therefore, graphite has been previously treated 
      with a ball mill for different times (1-16 h) to enhance its lubricating action. 
      We checked an improvement in stiffness, yielding strength, thermal stability, 
      and, in particularly, wear resistance that increased by 65% with respect to that 
      of polyethylene (PE). A treatment time of eight hours in ball milling could be 
      enough to give an appreciable improvement. The wear behavior of HDPE with treated 
      graphite has not been deeply investigated so far, and it could be important 
      because HDPE is considered a "carrier polymer" for different low-friction 
      applications.
FAU - Visco, Annamaria
AU  - Visco A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1602-9361
AD  - Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, I-98166 
      Messina, Italy.
AD  - Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-CNR IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 
      18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
FAU - Grasso, Antonio
AU  - Grasso A
AD  - Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, I-98166 
      Messina, Italy.
AD  - Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-CNR IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 
      18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
FAU - Recca, Giuseppe
AU  - Recca G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-5451-9954
AD  - Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-CNR IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 
      18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
FAU - Carbone, Domenico Carmelo
AU  - Carbone DC
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-4349-0113
AD  - Institute for Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials-CNR IPCB, Via Paolo Gaifami 
      18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
FAU - Pistone, Alessandro
AU  - Pistone A
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-9298-944X
AD  - Department of Engineering, University of Messina, Contrada Di Dio, I-98166 
      Messina, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210322
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Polymers (Basel)
JT  - Polymers
JID - 101545357
PMC - PMC8004640
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - HDPE
OT  - ball-milled graphite
OT  - blends
OT  - mechanical test
OT  - tensile
OT  - torque
OT  - wear test
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/04/04 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/04 06:01
PMCR- 2021/03/22
CRDT- 2021/04/03 01:35
PHST- 2021/02/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/15 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/03 01:35 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/04 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/04 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/22 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - polym13060975 [pii]
AID - polymers-13-00975 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/polym13060975 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Polymers (Basel). 2021 Mar 22;13(6):975. doi: 10.3390/polym13060975.