PMID- 33814640
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210406
IS  - 0037-8615 (Print)
IS  - 2296-4495 (Electronic)
IS  - 0037-8615 (Linking)
VI  - 27
IP  - 2
DP  - 2021
TI  - Modeling and analysis of a within-host HIV/HTLV-I co-infection.
PG  - 38
LID - 10.1007/s40590-021-00330-6 [doi]
LID - 38
AB  - Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) 
      are two retroviruses that attack the CD4+ T cells and impair their functions. 
      Both HIV and HTLV-I can be transmitted between individuals through direct contact 
      with certain body fluids from infected individuals. Therefore, a person can be 
      co-infected with both viruses. HIV causes acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 
      (AIDS), while HTLV-I is the causative agent for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) and 
      HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Several 
      mathematical models have been developed in the literature to describe the 
      within-host dynamics of HIV and HTLV-I mono-infections. However, modeling a 
      within-host dynamics of HIV/HTLV-I co-infection has not been involved. The 
      present paper is concerned with the formulation and investigation of a new 
      HIV/HTLV-I co-infection model under the effect of Cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) 
      immune response. The model describes the interaction between susceptible CD4+ T 
      cells, silent HIV-infected cells, active HIV-infected cells, silent HTLV-infected 
      cells, Tax-expressing HTLV-infected cells, free HIV particles, HIV-specific CTLs 
      and HTLV-specific CTLs. The HIV can spread by virus-to-cell transmission. On the 
      other side, HTLV-I has two modes of transmission, (i) horizontal transmission via 
      direct cell-to-cell contact through the virological synapse, and (ii) vertical 
      transmission through the mitotic division of Tax-expressing HTLV-infected cells. 
      The well-posedness of the model is established by showing that the solutions of 
      the model are nonnegative and bounded. We define a set of threshold parameters 
      which govern the existence and stability of all equilibria of the model. We 
      explore the global asymptotic stability of all equilibria by utilizing Lyapunov 
      function and Lyapunov-LaSalle asymptotic stability theorem. We have presented 
      numerical simulations to justify the applicability and effectiveness of the 
      theoretical results. In addition, we evaluate the effect of HTLV-I infection on 
      the HIV dynamics and vice versa.
CI  - (c) Sociedad Matematica Mexicana 2021.
FAU - Elaiw, A M
AU  - Elaiw AM
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5030-633X
AD  - Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. 
      Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.412125.1. ISNI: 0000 0001 0619 
      1117
AD  - Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut 
      Branch, Assiut, Egypt. GRID: grid.411303.4. ISNI: 0000 0001 2155 6022
FAU - AlShamrani, N H
AU  - AlShamrani NH
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6324-2774
AD  - Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. 
      Box 80203, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.412125.1. ISNI: 0000 0001 0619 
      1117
AD  - Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 
      80327, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia. GRID: grid.460099.2
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210329
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Bol Soc Mat Mex
JT  - Boletin de la Sociedad Matematica Mexicana
JID - 101636045
PMC - PMC8005865
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - CTL-mediated immune response
OT  - Global stability
OT  - HIV/HTLV-I co-infection
OT  - Lyapunov function
OT  - Mitotic transmission
EDAT- 2021/04/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/06 06:01
PMCR- 2021/03/29
CRDT- 2021/04/05 05:48
PHST- 2020/07/23 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2020/11/07 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/05 05:48 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/06 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/03/29 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 330 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s40590-021-00330-6 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Bol Soc Mat Mex. 2021;27(2):38. doi: 10.1007/s40590-021-00330-6. Epub 2021 Mar 
      29.