PMID- 33839488
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210709
LR  - 20210709
IS  - 1873-376X (Electronic)
IS  - 1570-0232 (Linking)
VI  - 1172
DP  - 2021 May 15
TI  - A rapid method for the detection and quantification of legacy and emerging per- 
      and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in bird feathers using UPLC-MS/MS.
PG  - 122653
LID - S1570-0232(21)00133-1 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122653 [doi]
AB  - The bioaccumulation and toxicity of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) 
      have raised scientific and public concern in recent decades, leading to 
      regulatory measures for some PFAS (e.g. perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and 
      perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)). In addition, the discovery of new PFAS 
      alternatives in the environment has led to growing concern about the presence of 
      numerous other PFAS that are used unrestricted. Feathers have been successfully 
      applied as non-destructive indicators for various contaminants, mostly metals and 
      persistent organic pollutants (POPs), whereas their suitability as an indicator 
      for PFAS is still discussed. Previous studies on PFAS in feathers have focused 
      primarily on perfluoroalkyl sulfonic acids (PFSAs) and perfluoroalkyl carboxylic 
      acids (PFCAs); analytical methods for other groups of PFAS or PFAS alternatives 
      in feathers are still lacking. Hence, this study aimed to develop a rapid, 
      sensitive and reliable analytical method for determining a broad range of PFAS 
      (N = 32) in feathers, using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry 
      (LC-MS/MS). An extraction duration of 24 h was found to be sufficient to extract 
      the majority of PFAS from the feathers. The extraction recovery of the internal 
      standards ranged on average from 68% (PFBA) to 97% (PFOS). The spike recovery was 
      within an acceptable range of at least 70% for most of the target analytes and 
      the precision was often > 80%. A further extract clean-up using weak anion 
      exchange (WAX) solid phase extraction (SPE), was proven unnecessary, as it 
      resulted in a similar or lower spike recovery, and, as a consequence, a lower 
      precision and higher quantification limit. The analytical method allows detection 
      of low PFAS concentrations in a low quantity of matrix (i.e. small feathers). The 
      developed LC-MS/MS method was validated and shown to be a fast, sensitive and 
      reliable method for determining a broad range of legacy and emerging PFAS in 
      feathers.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Groffen, Thimo
AU  - Groffen T
AD  - Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, 
      University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; Behavioural 
      Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 
      Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. Electronic address: 
      Thimo.Groffen@uantwerpen.be.
FAU - Bervoets, Lieven
AU  - Bervoets L
AD  - Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, 
      University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic 
      address: Lieven.Bervoets@uantwerpen.be.
FAU - Jeong, Yunsun
AU  - Jeong Y
AD  - Toxicological Center, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of 
      Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. Electronic address: 
      Yunsun.Jeong@uantwerpen.be.
FAU - Willems, Tim
AU  - Willems T
AD  - Systemic Physiological and Ecotoxicological Research, Department of Biology, 
      University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium; Integrated 
      Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of 
      Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: 
      Tim.Willems@uantwerpen.be.
FAU - Eens, Marcel
AU  - Eens M
AD  - Behavioural Ecology and Ecophysiology Group, Department of Biology, University of 
      Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Belgium. Electronic address: 
      Marcel.Eens@uantwerpen.be.
FAU - Prinsen, Els
AU  - Prinsen E
AD  - Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University 
      of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Electronic address: 
      Els.Prinsen@uantwerpen.be.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210310
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
JT  - Journal of chromatography. B, Analytical technologies in the biomedical and life 
      sciences
JID - 101139554
RN  - 0 (Alkanesulfonic Acids)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Fluorocarbons)
SB  - IM
MH  - Alkanesulfonic Acids/*analysis
MH  - Animals
MH  - Chickens
MH  - Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
MH  - Environmental Monitoring/*methods
MH  - Environmental Pollutants/*analysis
MH  - Feathers/*chemistry
MH  - Fluorocarbons/*analysis
MH  - Tandem Mass Spectrometry
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Birds
OT  - ESI-MS/MS
OT  - Feathers
OT  - PFAS
OT  - UPLC
EDAT- 2021/04/12 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/10 06:00
CRDT- 2021/04/11 20:39
PHST- 2020/12/08 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/11 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/08 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/12 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/11 20:39 [entrez]
AID - S1570-0232(21)00133-1 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122653 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci. 2021 May 15;1172:122653. doi: 
      10.1016/j.jchromb.2021.122653. Epub 2021 Mar 10.