PMID- 33845333
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210927
LR  - 20210927
IS  - 1873-2542 (Electronic)
IS  - 0378-1135 (Linking)
VI  - 256
DP  - 2021 May
TI  - Intradermal co-inoculation of codon pair deoptimization (CPD)-attenuated chimeric 
      porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) with Toll like 
      receptor (TLR) agonists enhanced the protective effects in pigs against 
      heterologous challenge.
PG  - 109048
LID - S0378-1135(21)00071-7 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109048 [doi]
AB  - The objective of this study was to assess protective efficacy of vaccination 
      using CPD-attenuated chimeric PRRSV and Toll like receptor (TLR) agonists (HSP70 
      c-terminal domain and HSPX) as adjuvants through different inoculation routes. In 
      this study, a chimeric PRRSV composed of two field isolates was synthesized and 
      attenuated by CPD in NSP1 as described in the previous study. The infection of 
      the CPD-attenuated chimeric PRRSV to pigs of 3 weeks-old showed no clinical signs 
      without pathological lesions in necropsy, while it induced improved cross 
      immunity between its parent strains. The TLR agonists were expressed in E. coli 
      and purified to be used. In challenge experiment, pigs of 3 weeks-old were 
      vaccinated using the CPD-attenuated chimeric virus with the prepared TLR agonists 
      through intramuscular or intradermal route, following heterologous challenge 
      after 4 weeks of vaccination. In results, intramuscular or intradermal 
      inoculation of the CPD-attenuated chimeric virus demonstrated excellent 
      protective efficacy against heterologous challenges. Importantly, intradermal 
      inoculation with the TLR agonists enhanced protective effects as shown in the 
      significantly increased level of PRRSV-specific IFN-gamma-SCs and cytokines in sera, 
      and the significant reduction of pathological lesion and viral load in lung. This 
      study suggested that the intradermal inoculation of CPD-attenuated chimeric PRRSV 
      plus TLR agonists should be more effective for protection of pigs against diverse 
      PRRS field viruses.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Park, Changhoon
AU  - Park C
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, 
      Yongdu-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Lee, Myung-Shin
AU  - Lee MS
AD  - Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Eulji University School of Medicine, 
      Yongdu-dong, Jung-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Baek, Jong Hyuk
AU  - Baek JH
AD  - Department of Animal Vaccine Development, BioPOA, 593-26 Dongtangiheung-ro, 
      Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Cho, Sun Hee
AU  - Cho SH
AD  - Department of Animal Vaccine Development, BioPOA, 593-26 Dongtangiheung-ro, 
      Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Hyun, Bang-Hun
AU  - Hyun BH
AD  - PRRS Research Laboratory, Viral Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine 
      Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea.
FAU - You, Su-Hwa
AU  - You SH
AD  - PRRS Research Laboratory, Viral Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine 
      Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea.
FAU - Cha, Sang-Ho
AU  - Cha SH
AD  - PRRS Research Laboratory, Viral Diseases Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine 
      Agency, Gimcheon, 39660, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: 
      virusmania@korea.kr.
LA  - eng
PT  - Comparative Study
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210323
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Vet Microbiol
JT  - Veterinary microbiology
JID - 7705469
RN  - 0 (Adjuvants, Immunologic)
RN  - 0 (Cytokines)
RN  - 0 (Toll-Like Receptors)
RN  - 0 (Vaccines, Attenuated)
RN  - 0 (Viral Vaccines)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adjuvants, Immunologic
MH  - Animals
MH  - Animals, Newborn
MH  - Chimera
MH  - Cytokines
MH  - Escherichia coli/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Injections, Intradermal/veterinary
MH  - Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome/*prevention & control/virology
MH  - Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus/genetics/*immunology
MH  - Swine
MH  - Toll-Like Receptors/drug effects/genetics/metabolism
MH  - Vaccination/*veterinary
MH  - Vaccines, Attenuated/administration & dosage
MH  - Viral Vaccines/*administration & dosage
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Chimera
OT  - Codon-pair deoptimization
OT  - Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus
OT  - Toll like receptor (TLR) agonists
OT  - Vaccine
EDAT- 2021/04/13 06:00
MHDA- 2021/09/28 06:00
CRDT- 2021/04/12 20:21
PHST- 2020/12/10 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/19 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/13 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/09/28 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/12 20:21 [entrez]
AID - S0378-1135(21)00071-7 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109048 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Vet Microbiol. 2021 May;256:109048. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2021.109048. Epub 2021 
      Mar 23.