PMID- 33848862
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210526
LR  - 20210526
IS  - 1879-1026 (Electronic)
IS  - 0048-9697 (Linking)
VI  - 782
DP  - 2021 Aug 15
TI  - Efficiency and mechanism of 2,4-dichlorophenol degradation by the UV/IO(4)(-) 
      process.
PG  - 146781
LID - S0048-9697(21)01849-0 [pii]
LID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146781 [doi]
AB  - This study explores the efficiency and kinetics of the photoactivated periodate 
      process for the degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) in water. The 
      obtained results show that the degradation rate was considerably higher for 
      UV/IO(4)(-) compared to UV irradiation alone. Pseudo first-order reaction rate 
      kinetics were obtained for all process conditions. The pH did not have a 
      significant impact on the decomposition of 2,4-DCP using photoactivated 
      periodate. Therefore, the applied method can be used to treat (waste)water at 
      various pH. By raising the initial concentration of periodate to 5 mM, the 
      degradation rate increased, while it decreased again at a concentration of 8 mM. 
      As the 2,4-DCP concentration increased, the removal rate decreased. The extent of 
      degradation was observed to be proportional with the UV intensity. A mechanistic 
      study revealed that iodine radicals dominated the degradation of 2,4-DCP by 
      photoactivated periodate, whereas OH and O((3)P) only played a minor role. At pH 
      5.0, all chlorine atoms in 2,4-DCP were released as chloride ions in the 
      UV/IO(4)(-) process, hence reaching a total dechlorination. Finally, the presence 
      of inorganic salts, even at high levels, did not significantly impact the 
      degradation. According to the results achieved in this study, the UV/IO(4)(-) 
      system can be considered as a valuable alternative to treat effluents containing 
      chlorinated organic compounds such as pulp and paper mill effluents and brine 
      (waste)water.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
FAU - Zhang, Xi
AU  - Zhang X
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental 
      Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
FAU - Yu, Xiaobin
AU  - Yu X
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental 
      Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
FAU - Yu, Xingyue
AU  - Yu X
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental 
      Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
FAU - Kamali, Mohammadreza
AU  - Kamali M
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental 
      Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
FAU - Appels, Lise
AU  - Appels L
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental 
      Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium.
FAU - Van der Bruggen, Bart
AU  - Van der Bruggen B
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process Engineering for 
      Sustainable Systems Section, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium; Tshwane 
      University of Technology, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, 
      Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
FAU - Cabooter, Deirdre
AU  - Cabooter D
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, 
      Pharmaceutical Analysis, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
FAU - Dewil, Raf
AU  - Dewil R
AD  - KU Leuven, Department of Chemical Engineering, Process and Environmental 
      Technology Lab, J. De Nayerlaan 5, B-2860 Sint-Katelijne-Waver, Belgium. 
      Electronic address: raf.dewil@kuleuven.be.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210327
PL  - Netherlands
TA  - Sci Total Environ
JT  - The Science of the total environment
JID - 0330500
SB  - IM
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 2, 4-DCP
OT  - Degradation kinetics
OT  - Iodine radicals
OT  - UV/IO(4)(-)
COIS- Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known 
      competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared 
      to influence the work reported in this paper.
EDAT- 2021/04/14 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/14 06:01
CRDT- 2021/04/13 20:23
PHST- 2020/12/27 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/21 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/22 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/14 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/14 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/13 20:23 [entrez]
AID - S0048-9697(21)01849-0 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146781 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Sci Total Environ. 2021 Aug 15;782:146781. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146781. 
      Epub 2021 Mar 27.