PMID- 33853422
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220124
LR  - 20220124
IS  - 1461-7285 (Electronic)
IS  - 0269-8811 (Linking)
VI  - 35
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Apr
TI  - Acute subjective effects in LSD- and MDMA-assisted psychotherapy.
PG  - 362-374
LID - 10.1177/0269881120959604 [doi]
AB  - BACKGROUND: Lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and 
      3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) were used in psychotherapy in the 
      1960s-1980s, and are currently being re-investigated as treatments for several 
      psychiatric disorders. In Switzerland, limited medical use of these substances is 
      possible in patients not responding to other treatments (compassionate use). 
      METHODS: This study aimed to describe patient characteristics, treatment 
      indications and acute alterations of mind in patients receiving LSD (100-200 microg) 
      and/or MDMA (100-175 mg) within the Swiss compassionate use programme from 
      2014-2018. Acute effects were assessed using the 5 Dimensions of Altered States 
      of Consciousness scale and the Mystical Experience Questionnaire, and compared 
      with those in healthy volunteers administered with LSD or MDMA and patients 
      treated alone with LSD in clinical trials. RESULTS: Eighteen patients (including 
      12 women and six men, aged 29-77 years) were treated in group settings. 
      Indications mostly included posttraumatic stress disorder and major depression. 
      Generally, a drug-assisted session was conducted every 3.5 months after 3-10 
      psychotherapy sessions. LSD induced pronounced alterations of consciousness on 
      the 5 Dimensions of Altered States of Consciousness scale, and mystical-type 
      experiences with increases in all scales on the Mystical Experience 
      Questionnaire. Effects were largely comparable between patients in the 
      compassionate use programme and patients or healthy subjects treated alone in a 
      research setting. CONCLUSION: LSD and MDMA are currently used medically in 
      Switzerland mainly in patients with posttraumatic stress disorder and depression 
      in group settings, producing similar acute responses as in research subjects. The 
      data may serve as a basis for further controlled studies of substance-assisted 
      psychotherapy.
FAU - Schmid, Yasmin
AU  - Schmid Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3618-584X
AD  - Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
AD  - Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
FAU - Gasser, Peter
AU  - Gasser P
AD  - Practice for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Solothurn, Switzerland.
FAU - Oehen, Peter
AU  - Oehen P
AD  - Practice for Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Biberist, Switzerland.
FAU - Liechti, Matthias E
AU  - Liechti ME
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1765-9659
AD  - Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
AD  - Department of Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20201008
PL  - United States
TA  - J Psychopharmacol
JT  - Journal of psychopharmacology (Oxford, England)
JID - 8907828
RN  - 0 (Hallucinogens)
RN  - 8NA5SWF92O (Lysergic Acid Diethylamide)
RN  - KE1SEN21RM (N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine)
SB  - IM
MH  - Adult
MH  - Combined Modality Therapy/methods
MH  - Compassionate Use Trials/methods
MH  - *Consciousness Disorders/chemically induced/diagnosis/psychology
MH  - Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnosis/*drug therapy
MH  - Drug Monitoring/methods
MH  - Female
MH  - Hallucinogens/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Healthy Volunteers/psychology
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Lysergic Acid Diethylamide/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Male
MH  - Middle Aged
MH  - Mysticism/psychology
MH  - *N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine/administration & dosage/adverse effects
MH  - Psychotherapy/*methods
MH  - Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis/*drug therapy
MH  - Treatment Outcome
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine
OT  - Lysergic acid diethylamide
OT  - compassionate use
OT  - psychedelics
OT  - substance-assisted psychotherapy
EDAT- 2021/04/16 06:00
MHDA- 2022/01/27 06:00
CRDT- 2021/04/15 05:34
PHST- 2021/04/15 05:34 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/16 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/01/27 06:00 [medline]
AID - 10.1177/0269881120959604 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Psychopharmacol. 2021 Apr;35(4):362-374. doi: 10.1177/0269881120959604. Epub 
      2020 Oct 8.