PMID- 33871676
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210709
LR  - 20210825
IS  - 1420-9071 (Electronic)
IS  - 1420-682X (Print)
IS  - 1420-682X (Linking)
VI  - 78
IP  - 12
DP  - 2021 Jun
TI  - Mechanisms underlying pre- and postnatal development of the vomeronasal organ.
PG  - 5069-5082
LID - 10.1007/s00018-021-03829-3 [doi]
AB  - The vomeronasal organ (VNO) is sensory organ located in the ventral region of the 
      nasal cavity in rodents. The VNO develops from the olfactory placode during the 
      secondary invagination of olfactory pit. The embryonic vomeronasal structure 
      appears as a neurogenic area where migratory neuronal populations like endocrine 
      gonadotropin-releasing hormone-1 (GnRH-1) neurons form. Even though embryonic 
      vomeronasal structures are conserved across most vertebrate species, many species 
      including humans do not have a functional VNO after birth. The vomeronasal 
      epithelium (VNE) of rodents is composed of two major types of vomeronasal sensory 
      neurons (VSNs): (1) VSNs distributed in the apical VNE regions that express 
      vomeronasal type-1 receptors (V1Rs) and the G protein subunit Galphai2, and (2) VSNs 
      in the basal territories of the VNE that express vomeronasal type-2 receptors 
      (V2Rs) and the G subunit Galphao. Recent studies identified a third subclass of Galphai2 
      and Galphao VSNs that express the formyl peptide receptor family. VSNs expressing 
      V1Rs or V2Rs send their axons to distinct regions of the accessory olfactory bulb 
      (AOB). Together, VNO and AOB form the accessory olfactory system (AOS), an 
      olfactory subsystem that coordinates the social and sexual behaviors of many 
      vertebrate species. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of 
      cellular and molecular mechanisms that underlie VNO development. We also discuss 
      open questions for study, which we suggest will further enhance our understanding 
      of VNO morphogenesis at embryonic and postnatal stages.
FAU - Katreddi, Raghu Ram
AU  - Katreddi RR
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Neuroscience Research, The RNA 
      Institute, University At Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA.
FAU - Forni, Paolo E
AU  - Forni PE
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6547-3464
AD  - Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Neuroscience Research, The RNA 
      Institute, University At Albany, State University of New York, Albany, NY, USA. 
      pforni@albany.edu.
LA  - eng
GR  - R01 HD097331/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01-HD097331/HD/NICHD/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health 
      and Human Development (US)/
GR  - R01 DC017149/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R01-DC017149/DC/NIDCD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R15 HD096411/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/United States
GR  - R15-HD096411/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human 
      Development/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210419
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Cell Mol Life Sci
JT  - Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS
JID - 9705402
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Morphogenesis
MH  - Sensory Receptor Cells/cytology/*physiology
MH  - Vomeronasal Organ/*embryology/*growth & development
PMC - PMC8254721
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Neurogenesis
OT  - Neuronal differentiation
OT  - Olfactory placode
OT  - Tfap2e/AP-2epsilon
OT  - Transcription factor
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/04/20 06:00
MHDA- 2021/07/10 06:00
PMCR- 2021/04/19
CRDT- 2021/04/19 12:24
PHST- 2020/11/26 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/29 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/03/17 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/20 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/07/10 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/19 12:24 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/19 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 10.1007/s00018-021-03829-3 [pii]
AID - 3829 [pii]
AID - 10.1007/s00018-021-03829-3 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Cell Mol Life Sci. 2021 Jun;78(12):5069-5082. doi: 10.1007/s00018-021-03829-3. 
      Epub 2021 Apr 19.