PMID- 33912029
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210430
IS  - 1663-9812 (Print)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Electronic)
IS  - 1663-9812 (Linking)
VI  - 12
DP  - 2021
TI  - The Production of Testosterone and Gene Expression in Neonatal Testes of Rats 
      Exposed to Diisoheptyl Phthalate During Pregnancy is Inhibited.
PG  - 568311
LID - 10.3389/fphar.2021.568311 [doi]
LID - 568311
AB  - Background: Diisoheptyl phthalate (DIHP) is a phthalate plasticizer, which is a 
      branched phthalate. Here, we reported the effects of gestational exposure to DIHP 
      on testis development in male rats. Methods: Pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were 
      orally fed with vehicle (corn oil, control) or DIHP (10, 100, 500, and 
      1,000 mg/kg) from gestational day (GD) 12-21. At GD21, serum testosterone levels, 
      the number and distribution of fetal Leydig cells, and testicular mRNA and 
      protein levels, the incidence of multinucleated gonocytes, and focal testicular 
      hypoplasia in the neonatal testis were measured. Results: DIHP increased the 
      fetal Leydig cell cluster size and decreased the fetal Leydig cell size with 
      LOAEL of 10 mg/kg. DIHP did not affect the fetal Leydig cell number. DIHP 
      significantly lowered serum testosterone levels, down-regulated the expression of 
      steroidogenesis-related genes (Lhcgr, Star, Cyp11a1, Hsd3b1, Cyp17a1, and 
      Hsd17b3) and testis descent-related gene (Insl3) as well as protein levels of 
      cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme (CYP11A1) and insulin-like 3 (INSL3). DIHP 
      dose-dependently increased the percentage of multinucleated gonocytes with the 
      low observed adverse-effect level (LOAEL) of 100 mg/kg. DIHP induced focal 
      testicular hypoplasia. Conclusion: Gestational exposure to DIHP causes testis 
      dysgenesis in rats.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 Ji, Wen, Ni, Zhu, Wang, Li, Zhong and Ge.
FAU - Ji, Bin
AU  - Ji B
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated 
      Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key 
      Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 
      Wenzhou, China.
FAU - Wen, Zina
AU  - Wen Z
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and 
      Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
AD  - Chengdu Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecology 
      Hospital, Chengdu, China.
FAU - Ni, Chaobo
AU  - Ni C
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated 
      Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key 
      Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 
      Wenzhou, China.
FAU - Zhu, Qiqi
AU  - Zhu Q
AD  - Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and 
      Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.
FAU - Wang, Yiyan
AU  - Wang Y
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated 
      Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key 
      Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 
      Wenzhou, China.
FAU - Li, Xiaoheng
AU  - Li X
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated 
      Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key 
      Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 
      Wenzhou, China.
FAU - Zhong, Ying
AU  - Zhong Y
AD  - Chengdu Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecology 
      Hospital, Chengdu, China.
FAU - Ge, Ren-Shan
AU  - Ge RS
AD  - Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, The Second Affiliated 
      Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Key 
      Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Medical University, 
      Wenzhou, China.
AD  - Chengdu Jinjiang Maternal and Child Health Hospital and Chengdu Xi'nan Gynecology 
      Hospital, Chengdu, China.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210412
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Front Pharmacol
JT  - Frontiers in pharmacology
JID - 101548923
PMC - PMC8072358
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - diisoheptyl phthalate
OT  - fetal leydig cell
OT  - leydig cell cluster
OT  - multinucleated gonocytes
OT  - testis dysgenesis
COIS- The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any 
      commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential 
      conflict of interest. The reviewer GH declared a shared affiliation, with no 
      collaboration, with several of the authors, BJ, ZW, CN, QZ, YW, XL, YZ, RG, to 
      the handling editor at the time of review.
EDAT- 2021/04/30 06:00
MHDA- 2021/04/30 06:01
PMCR- 2021/04/12
CRDT- 2021/04/29 06:25
PHST- 2020/05/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/17 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/29 06:25 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/04/30 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/04/30 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 568311 [pii]
AID - 10.3389/fphar.2021.568311 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Front Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 12;12:568311. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.568311. 
      eCollection 2021.