PMID- 33916105
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20210502
IS  - 2076-2607 (Print)
IS  - 2076-2607 (Electronic)
IS  - 2076-2607 (Linking)
VI  - 9
IP  - 4
DP  - 2021 Apr 1
TI  - Root Caries Preventive Effect of Varnishes Containing Fluoride or Fluoride + 
      Chlorhexidine/Cetylpyridinium Chloride In Vitro.
LID - 10.3390/microorganisms9040737 [doi]
LID - 737
AB  - Caries preventive varnishes containing only fluoride might differ from those 
      containing a combination of fluoride and antimicrobial components in terms of 
      mineralization properties and their impact on the cariogenic biofilm. We compared 
      a fluoride and a fluoride + chlorhexidine (CHX)/cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) 
      varnish on root caries formation in vitro. One hundred bovine root dentin samples 
      were allocated to five groups (n = 20/group): (1) 7700 ppm fluoride varnish 
      (Fluorprotector S (F)), (2) experimental placebo varnish for F (F-P), (3) 1400 
      ppm fluoride + 0.3% CHX/0.5% CPC varnish (Cervitec F (CF)), (4) experimental 
      placebo varnish for CF (CF-P), (5) untreated control. Cariogenic challenge was 
      provided using a multi-station, continuous-culture 3-species (Streptococcus 
      mutans (SM), Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR), Actinomyces naeslundii (AN)) biofilm 
      model for 10 days. Mineral loss (DeltaZ) was evaluated using transversal 
      microradiography and bacterial counts in the biofilm assessed as colony-forming 
      units. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and confocal microscopy were 
      performed to assess the three-dimensional biofilm architecture. Mean +/- SD (vol% x 
      mum) DeltaZ was significantly lower for F (9133 +/- 758) and CF (9835 +/- 1677) compared 
      to control (11362 +/- 919) (p < 0.05), without significant differences between F 
      and CF. SM counts were significantly lower and LR counts significantly higher in 
      F- and CF-biofilms compared to control. AN counts were significantly higher in 
      the F-biofilms than in all other groups. According to FISH, SM and LR invaded 
      dentinal tubules only in the control-group. In the CF-group, the basal biofilm 
      layer did not contain SM and AN. Both F and CF varnishes had similar 
      caries-preventive effects and a considerable impact on biofilm structure and 
      composition.
FAU - Gostemeyer, Gerd
AU  - Gostemeyer G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-3128-3616
AD  - Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charite-Universitatsmedizin 
      Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu 
      Berlin, Assmannshauser Strasse 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Woike, Helen
AU  - Woike H
AD  - Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charite-Universitatsmedizin 
      Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu 
      Berlin, Assmannshauser Strasse 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Paris, Sebastian
AU  - Paris S
AD  - Department of Operative and Preventive Dentistry, Charite-Universitatsmedizin 
      Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin and Humboldt-Universitat zu 
      Berlin, Assmannshauser Strasse 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Schwendicke, Falk
AU  - Schwendicke F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-1223-1669
AD  - Department of Oral Diagnostics, Digital Health and Health Services Research, 
      Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universitat Berlin, 
      Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Assmannshauser Strasse 4-6, 14197 Berlin, Germany.
FAU - Schlafer, Sebastian
AU  - Schlafer S
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-2463-1926
AD  - Section for Oral Ecology and Caries Control, Department of Dentistry and Oral 
      Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
LA  - eng
GR  - none/Ivoclar Vivadent AG/
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210401
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Microorganisms
JT  - Microorganisms
JID - 101625893
PMC - PMC8065905
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - biofilm model
OT  - chlorhexidine
OT  - demineralization
OT  - fluoride varnish
OT  - root caries
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the 
      design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in 
      the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.
EDAT- 2021/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/01 06:01
PMCR- 2021/04/01
CRDT- 2021/04/30 01:02
PHST- 2021/01/15 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/03/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/03/31 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/30 01:02 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/01 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/01 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - microorganisms9040737 [pii]
AID - microorganisms-09-00737 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/microorganisms9040737 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Microorganisms. 2021 Apr 1;9(4):737. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9040737.