PMID- 33921210
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210505
LR  - 20210505
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 8
DP  - 2021 Apr 12
TI  - Emission Variations of Primary Air Pollutants from Highway Vehicles and 
      Implications during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Beijing, China.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph18084019 [doi]
LID - 4019
AB  - According to the traffic flow variation from January 2019 to August 2020, 
      emissions of primary air pollutants from highway vehicles were calculated based 
      on the emission factor method, which integrated the actual structure of on-road 
      vehicles. The characteristics of on-highway traffic flow and pollution emissions 
      were compared during various progression stages of coronavirus disease 
      (COVID-19). The results showed that the average daily traffic volume decreased by 
      38.2% in 2020, with a decrease of 62% during the strict lockdown due to the 
      impact of COVID-19. The daily emissions of primary atmospheric pollutants 
      decreased by 29.2% in 2020 compared to the same period in 2019. As for the 
      structure of on-highway vehicle types, the small and medium-sized passenger 
      vehicles predominated, which accounted for 76.3% of traffic, while trucks and 
      large passenger vehicles accounted for 19.7% and 4.0%, but contributed 58.4% and 
      33.9% of nitrogen oxide (NO(x)) emissions, respectively. According to the 
      simulation results of the ADMS model, the average concentrations of NO(x) were 
      reduced by 12.0 microg/m(3) compared with the same period in 2019. As for the 
      implication for future pollution control, it is necessary to further optimize the 
      structure of on-highway and the road traffic vehicle types and increase the 
      proportions of new-energy vehicles and vehicles with high emission standards.
FAU - Cao, Xizi
AU  - Cao X
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Tian, Ye
AU  - Tian Y
AD  - Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau, Beijing 100048, China.
FAU - Shen, Yan
AU  - Shen Y
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Wu, Tongran
AU  - Wu T
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Li, Renfei
AU  - Li R
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Liu, Xinyu
AU  - Liu X
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Yeerken, Amanzheli
AU  - Yeerken A
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Cui, Yangyang
AU  - Cui Y
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Xue, Yifeng
AU  - Xue Y
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-6132-6213
AD  - National Engineering Research Center of Urban Environmental Pollution Control, 
      Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, 
      China.
FAU - Lian, Aiping
AU  - Lian A
AD  - Beijing Municipal Ecology and Environment Bureau, Beijing 100048, China.
LA  - eng
GR  - 21806012, 21777008/the National Natural Science Foundation of China/
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210412
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Vehicle Emissions)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Air Pollutants/analysis
MH  - *Air Pollution/analysis
MH  - Beijing
MH  - *COVID-19
MH  - China/epidemiology
MH  - Communicable Disease Control
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - Humans
MH  - Motor Vehicles
MH  - Pandemics
MH  - SARS-CoV-2
MH  - Vehicle Emissions/analysis
PMC - PMC8070592
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - coronavirus disease (COVID-19)
OT  - emission variation
OT  - highway
OT  - traffic flow
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest.
EDAT- 2021/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/06 06:00
PMCR- 2021/04/12
CRDT- 2021/04/30 01:18
PHST- 2021/03/04 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/09 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/30 01:18 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/06 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/12 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph18084019 [pii]
AID - ijerph-18-04019 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph18084019 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 12;18(8):4019. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph18084019.