PMID- 33923970
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20210520
LR  - 20210520
IS  - 1660-4601 (Electronic)
IS  - 1661-7827 (Print)
IS  - 1660-4601 (Linking)
VI  - 18
IP  - 8
DP  - 2021 Apr 20
TI  - Toxic Organic Contaminants in Airborne Particles: Levels, Potential Sources and 
      Risk Assessment.
LID - 10.3390/ijerph18084352 [doi]
LID - 4352
AB  - In the last years, many studies have focused on risk assessment of exposure of 
      workers to airborne particulate matter (PM). Several studies indicate a strong 
      correlation between PM and adverse health outcomes, as a function of particle 
      size. In the last years, the study of atmospheric particulate matter has focused 
      more on particles less than 10 mum or 2.5 mum in diameter; however, recent studies 
      identify in particles less than 0.1 mum the main responsibility for negative 
      cardiovascular effects. The present paper deals with the determination of 66 
      organic compounds belonging to six different classes of persistent organic 
      pollutants (POPs) in the ultrafine, fine and coarse fractions of PM (PM < 0.1 microm; 
      0.1 < PM < 2.5 microm and 2.5 < PM < 10 microm) collected in three outdoor workplaces and 
      in an urban outdoor area. Data obtained were analyzed with principal component 
      analysis (PCA), in order to underline possible correlation between sites and 
      classes of pollutants and characteristic emission sources. Emission source 
      studies are, in fact, a valuable tool for both identifying the type of emission 
      source and estimating the strength of each contamination source, as useful 
      indicator of environment healthiness. Moreover, both carcinogenic and 
      non-carcinogenic risks were determined in order to estimate human health risk 
      associated to study sites. Risk analysis was carried out evaluating the 
      contribution of pollutant distribution in PM size fractions for all the sites. 
      The results highlighted significant differences between the sites and specific 
      sources of pollutants related to work activities were identified. In all the 
      sites and for all the size fractions of PM both carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic 
      risk values were below acceptable and safe levels of risks recommended by the 
      regulatory agencies.
FAU - Pomata, Donatella
AU  - Pomata D
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-7967-6235
AD  - Italian Workers' Compensation Authority via Roberto Ferruzzi 38, 00143 Rome, 
      Italy.
FAU - Di Filippo, Patrizia
AU  - Di Filippo P
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-1929-1691
AD  - Italian Workers' Compensation Authority via Roberto Ferruzzi 38, 00143 Rome, 
      Italy.
FAU - Riccardi, Carmela
AU  - Riccardi C
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-3751-6049
AD  - Italian Workers' Compensation Authority via Roberto Ferruzzi 38, 00143 Rome, 
      Italy.
FAU - Castellani, Federica
AU  - Castellani F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-0689-3789
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Simonetti, Giulia
AU  - Simonetti G
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0002-6278-6905
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Sonego, Elisa
AU  - Sonego E
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0003-4557-9311
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
FAU - Buiarelli, Francesca
AU  - Buiarelli F
AUID- ORCID: 0000-0001-5104-8854
AD  - Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
DEP - 20210420
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int J Environ Res Public Health
JT  - International journal of environmental research and public health
JID - 101238455
RN  - 0 (Air Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Environmental Pollutants)
RN  - 0 (Organic Chemicals)
RN  - 0 (Particulate Matter)
SB  - IM
MH  - *Air Pollutants/analysis
MH  - Environmental Monitoring
MH  - *Environmental Pollutants
MH  - Humans
MH  - Organic Chemicals
MH  - Particle Size
MH  - Particulate Matter/analysis
MH  - Risk Assessment
PMC - PMC8073354
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - organic pollutant measurements
OT  - outdoor environments
OT  - particle-size distribution
OT  - principal component analysis
COIS- The authors declare no conflict of interest
EDAT- 2021/05/01 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/21 06:00
PMCR- 2021/04/20
CRDT- 2021/04/30 01:27
PHST- 2021/03/18 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/04/16 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/04/18 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/04/30 01:27 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/01 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/21 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/04/20 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - ijerph18084352 [pii]
AID - ijerph-18-04352 [pii]
AID - 10.3390/ijerph18084352 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 20;18(8):4352. doi: 
      10.3390/ijerph18084352.