PMID- 33951642
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211112
LR  - 20231213
IS  - 1423-0097 (Electronic)
IS  - 1018-2438 (Print)
IS  - 1018-2438 (Linking)
VI  - 182
IP  - 10
DP  - 2021
TI  - Unusual and Unexpected Allergic Reactions Can Be Unraveled by Molecular Allergy 
      Diagnostics.
PG  - 904-916
LID - 10.1159/000515708 [doi]
AB  - The fifth class of immunoglobulin, immunoglobulin E (IgE) was discovered in 1967 
      and has had immense importance for the understanding, diagnosis, and treatment of 
      allergic disease. More than 50 years have passed and efforts to characterize, 
      standardize, and refine allergens with the aim to improve clinical diagnosis and 
      allergen-specific immunotherapy are still ongoing. Another important breakthrough 
      was made in 1999 with the introduction of component-resolved diagnostics (CRD), 
      making it possible to quantify IgE antibodies against individual allergen 
      proteins for diagnostic purposes at a molecular level. The progress and 
      developments made in allergy diagnosis often originate from clinical observations 
      and case studies. Observant physicians and health-care personnel have reported 
      their findings in the medical literature, which in turn has inspired researchers 
      to become involved in clinical research. Allergists continuously encounter new 
      allergies and are often asked by their patients how to prevent new reactions. In 
      the current article, we focus on recent clinical observations that can now be 
      explained by CRD. The examples taken concern allergic reactions toward peanuts, 
      tree nuts, lemon kernels, health drinks, meat, insects, dog dander, cannabis, and 
      semen. We now have an improved understanding of why patients may react in a 
      serious or unexpected way, as illustrated by these examples, yet many other 
      clinical observations remain unexplained. The aim of this review is to highlight 
      the importance of clinical observations among allergic patients, focusing on 
      systemic, or unusual and unexpected allergic reactions, where component-testing 
      has further refined the diagnosis of IgE-mediated allergy.
CI  - (c) 2021 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel.
FAU - Konradsen, Jon R
AU  - Konradsen JR
AD  - Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, 
      Sweden.
AD  - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, 
      Sweden.
FAU - Borres, Magnus P
AU  - Borres MP
AD  - Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
AD  - Thermo Fisher Scientific, Immunodiagnostics, Uppsala, Sweden.
FAU - Nilsson, Caroline
AU  - Nilsson C
AD  - Department of Clinical Science and Education, Sodersjukhuset, Karolinska 
      Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
AD  - Sach's Children's Hospital, Sodersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210505
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Int Arch Allergy Immunol
JT  - International archives of allergy and immunology
JID - 9211652
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Cannabis/immunology
MH  - Diagnostic Tests, Routine
MH  - Humans
MH  - Hypersensitivity/*diagnosis
MH  - Insecta/immunology
MH  - Meat
MH  - Nuts/immunology
MH  - Pollen/immunology
MH  - Seeds/immunology
MH  - Glycine max/immunology
PMC - PMC8619793
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Allergen components
OT  - Cannabis allergy
OT  - Cashew allergy
OT  - Component-resolved diagnostics
OT  - Crocodile allergy
OT  - Dog allergy
OT  - Immunoglobulin E
OT  - Insect allergy
OT  - Peanut allergy
OT  - Red meat allergy
OT  - Soy allergy
OT  - Tree-nut allergy
COIS- M.B. is an employee of Thermo Fisher Scientific. J.K. has received material from 
      Thermo Fisher Scientific to perform IgE analyses in research projects not related 
      to the current project. C.N. has no conflicts of interest to declare.
EDAT- 2021/05/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/11/16 06:00
PMCR- 2021/05/05
CRDT- 2021/05/05 20:16
PHST- 2021/01/09 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/24 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/05/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/11/16 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/05 20:16 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/05 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - 000515708 [pii]
AID - iaa-0182-0904 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000515708 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 2021;182(10):904-916. doi: 10.1159/000515708. Epub 2021 
      May 5.