PMID- 33951667
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20211028
LR  - 20211028
IS  - 1423-0216 (Electronic)
IS  - 1021-7401 (Linking)
VI  - 28
IP  - 3
DP  - 2021
TI  - Neurovascular Interactions in Malaria.
PG  - 108-117
LID - 10.1159/000515557 [doi]
AB  - Malaria is caused by Plasmodium infection and remains a serious public health 
      problem worldwide, despite control efforts. Malaria can progress to severe forms, 
      affecting multiple organs, including the brain causing cerebral malaria (CM). CM 
      is the most severe neurological complication of malaria, and cognitive and 
      behavior deficits are commonly reported in surviving patients. The number of 
      deaths from malaria has been reducing in recent years, and as a consequence, 
      neurological sequelae have been more evident. Neurological damage in malaria 
      might be related to the neuroinflammation, characterized by glia cell activation, 
      neuronal apoptosis and changes in the blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity. The 
      neurovascular unit (NVU) is responsible for maintaining the homeostasis of the 
      BBB. Endothelial and pericytes cells in the cerebral microvasculature and neural 
      cells, as astrocytes, neurons, and microglia, compose the NVU. The NVU can be 
      disturbed by parasite metabolic products, such as heme and hemozoin, or cytokines 
      that can promote activation of endothelial and glial cells and lead to increased 
      BBB permeability and subsequently neurodegeneration. In this review, we will 
      approach the main changes that happen in the cells of the NVU due to 
      neuroinflammation caused by malaria infection, and elucidate how the systemic 
      pathophysiology is involved in the onset and progression of CM.
CI  - (c) 2021 S. Karger AG, Basel.
FAU - Lima, Maiara N
AU  - Lima MN
AD  - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz 
      Foundation, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Freitas, Rodrigo J R X
AU  - Freitas RJRX
AD  - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz 
      Foundation, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Passos, Beatriz A B R
AU  - Passos BABR
AD  - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz 
      Foundation, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Darze, Ana Maria G
AU  - Darze AMG
AD  - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz 
      Foundation, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Castro-Faria-Neto, Hugo C
AU  - Castro-Faria-Neto HC
AD  - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz 
      Foundation, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
FAU - Maron-Gutierrez, Tatiana
AU  - Maron-Gutierrez T
AD  - Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz 
      Foundation, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
AD  - National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation, Rio de 
      Janeiro, Brazil.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Review
DEP - 20210505
PL  - Switzerland
TA  - Neuroimmunomodulation
JT  - Neuroimmunomodulation
JID - 9422763
SB  - IM
MH  - Astrocytes
MH  - *Blood-Brain Barrier
MH  - Brain
MH  - Humans
MH  - *Malaria/complications
MH  - Neurons
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Astrocytes
OT  - Blood-brain barrier
OT  - Endothelial cells
OT  - Malaria
OT  - Microglia
OT  - Neurons
EDAT- 2021/05/06 06:00
MHDA- 2021/10/29 06:00
CRDT- 2021/05/05 20:17
PHST- 2020/09/22 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/02/23 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/05/06 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/10/29 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/05 20:17 [entrez]
AID - 000515557 [pii]
AID - 10.1159/000515557 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Neuroimmunomodulation. 2021;28(3):108-117. doi: 10.1159/000515557. Epub 2021 May 
      5.