PMID- 33954580
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 20220224
LR  - 20220224
IS  - 1528-8951 (Electronic)
IS  - 0148-0731 (Linking)
VI  - 143
IP  - 10
DP  - 2021 Oct 1
TI  - Biomechanical Analysis of Head Subjected to Blast Waves and the Role of Combat 
      Protective Headgear Under Blast Loading: A Review.
LID - 100801 [pii]
LID - 10.1115/1.4051047 [doi]
AB  - Blast-induced traumatic brain injury (bTBI) is a rising health concern of 
      soldiers deployed in modern-day military conflicts. For bTBI, blast wave loading 
      is a cause, and damage incurred to brain tissue is the effect. There are several 
      proposed mechanisms for the bTBI, such as direct cranial entry, skull flexure, 
      thoracic compression, blast-induced acceleration, and cavitation that are not 
      mutually exclusive. So the cause-effect relationship is not straightforward. The 
      efficiency of protective headgears against blast waves is relatively unknown as 
      compared with other threats. Proper knowledge about standard problem space, 
      underlying mechanisms, blast reconstruction techniques, and biomechanical models 
      are essential for protective headgear design and evaluation. Various researchers 
      from cross disciplines analyze bTBI from different perspectives. From the 
      biomedical perspective, the physiological response, neuropathology, injury 
      scales, and even the molecular level and cellular level changes incurred during 
      injury are essential. From a combat protective gear designer perspective, the 
      spatial and temporal variation of mechanical correlates of brain injury such as 
      surface overpressure, acceleration, tissue-level stresses, and strains are 
      essential. This paper outlines the key inferences from bTBI studies that are 
      essential in the protective headgear design context.
CI  - Copyright (c) 2021 by ASME.
FAU - Sundar, Shyam
AU  - Sundar S
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 
      600036, India.
FAU - Ponnalagu, Alagappan
AU  - Ponnalagu A
AD  - Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 
      600036, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
PL  - United States
TA  - J Biomech Eng
JT  - Journal of biomechanical engineering
JID - 7909584
SB  - IM
MH  - *Head Protective Devices
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - bTBI
OT  - blast injury biomechanics
OT  - blast mitigation
OT  - blast waves
OT  - combat helmet
OT  - protective headgear
OT  - shock tube
EDAT- 2021/05/07 06:00
MHDA- 2022/02/25 06:00
CRDT- 2021/05/06 07:12
PHST- 2020/08/31 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/05/07 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2022/02/25 06:00 [medline]
PHST- 2021/05/06 07:12 [entrez]
AID - 1108858 [pii]
AID - 10.1115/1.4051047 [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - J Biomech Eng. 2021 Oct 1;143(10):100801. doi: 10.1115/1.4051047.