PMID- 33964644 OWN - NLM STAT- MEDLINE DCOM- 20210811 LR - 20210811 IS - 1873-6750 (Electronic) IS - 0160-4120 (Linking) VI - 155 DP - 2021 Oct TI - Associations between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and markers of liver injury in the US adult population. PG - 106608 LID - S0160-4120(21)00233-6 [pii] LID - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106608 [doi] AB - BACKGROUND: Phthalates have been largely used for years in varieties of products worldwide. However, research on the joint toxic effect of various phthalates exposure on the liver is lacking. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess exposure to phthalates on liver function tests (LFTs). METHODS: This analysis included data on 6046 adults (>/=20 years old) who participated in a National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2007-2016. We employed linear regression and Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), to explore the associations of urinary phthalate metabolites with 8 indicators of LFTs. RESULTS: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (SigmaDEHP) was found to be positively associated with serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) (all P (FDR) < 0.05). We found significant positive associations of summation operatorDEHP, mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP) and mono-(carboxyisononyl) phthalate (MCNP) with total bilirubin (TBIL) (all P (FDR) < 0.05). SigmaDEHP, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), mono-(3-carboxypropyl) phthalate (MCPP) and mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP) were negatively associated with serum ALB (all P (FDR) < 0.05). The BKMR analyses showed a significantly positive overall effect on ALT, AST, ALP and TBIL levels with high concentrations of phthalate metabolites and a significantly negative overall effect on ALB and TP, when all the chemicals at low concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Our results add novel evidence that exposures to phthalates might be adversely associated with the indicators of LTFs, indicating the potential toxic effect of phthalate exposures on the human liver. CI - Copyright (c) 2021. Published by Elsevier Ltd. FAU - Yu, Linling AU - Yu L AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Yang, Meng AU - Yang M AD - Wuhan Children's Hospital (Wuhan Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital), Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. FAU - Cheng, Man AU - Cheng M AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Fan, Lieyang AU - Fan L AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Wang, Xing AU - Wang X AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Xu, Tao AU - Xu T AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. FAU - Wang, Bin AU - Wang B AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. Electronic address: gentwong@163.com. FAU - Chen, Weihong AU - Chen W AD - Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubating), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China. Electronic address: wchen@mails.tjmu.edu.cn. LA - eng PT - Journal Article PT - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't DEP - 20210506 PL - Netherlands TA - Environ Int JT - Environment international JID - 7807270 RN - 0 (Biomarkers) RN - 0 (Environmental Pollutants) RN - 0 (Phthalic Acids) RN - 6O7F7IX66E (phthalic acid) SB - IM MH - Adult MH - Bayes Theorem MH - Biomarkers MH - Environmental Exposure/adverse effects MH - *Environmental Pollutants/toxicity MH - Humans MH - Liver MH - Nutrition Surveys MH - *Phthalic Acids/toxicity MH - Young Adult OTO - NOTNLM OT - BKMR OT - Liver function test OT - NHANES OT - Phthalate EDAT- 2021/05/09 06:00 MHDA- 2021/08/12 06:00 CRDT- 2021/05/08 20:20 PHST- 2021/01/12 00:00 [received] PHST- 2021/03/23 00:00 [revised] PHST- 2021/04/26 00:00 [accepted] PHST- 2021/05/09 06:00 [pubmed] PHST- 2021/08/12 06:00 [medline] PHST- 2021/05/08 20:20 [entrez] AID - S0160-4120(21)00233-6 [pii] AID - 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106608 [doi] PST - ppublish SO - Environ Int. 2021 Oct;155:106608. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106608. Epub 2021 May 6.