PMID- 33997239
OWN - NLM
STAT- PubMed-not-MEDLINE
LR  - 20240401
IS  - 2352-8273 (Print)
IS  - 2352-8273 (Electronic)
IS  - 2352-8273 (Linking)
VI  - 14
DP  - 2021 Jun
TI  - Mapping changes in district level prevalence of childhood stunting in India 
      1998-2016: An application of small area estimation techniques.
PG  - 100748
LID - 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100748 [doi]
LID - 100748
AB  - The four rounds of National Family Health Survey (NFHS) conducted during 1992-93, 
      1998-99, 2005-06 and 2015-16 is main source to track the health and development 
      related indicators including nutritional status of children at national and state 
      level in India. Except NFHS-4, first three rounds of NFHS were unable to provides 
      district-level estimates of childhood stunting due to the insufficient sample 
      sizes. The small area estimation (SAE) techniques offer a viable solution to 
      overcome the problem of small sample size. Therefore, this study uses SAE 
      techniques to derive district level prevalence of childhood stunting 
      corresponding to NFHS-2 (1998-99). Study further estimated GIS maps, univariate 
      Local indicator of spatial autocorrelation (LISA) and Moran's I to understand the 
      trend in district level childhood stunting between NFHS-2 and NFHS-4. Estimates 
      obtained by SAE techniques suggest that prevalence of childhood stunting ranges 
      from 20.7% (95% CI: 18.8-22.7) in South Goa district of Goa to 64.4% (95%CI: 
      63.1-65.7) in Dhaulpur district of Rajasthan during 1998-99. The diagnostic 
      measures used to validate the reliability of estimates obtained by SAE techniques 
      indicate that the model-based estimates are reliable and representative at 
      district level. Results of geospatial analysis indicates substantial reduction in 
      childhood stunting between 1998 and 2016. Out of 640 district,about 81 district 
      experience reduction of more than 50%. At the same time 60 district experience 
      less than 10% of reduction between 1998 and 2016. Spatial clustering of childhood 
      stunting remains same over the study period except few additional cluster in 
      Maharashtra, Andhra and Meghalaya in 2016. The district level estimates obtained 
      from this study might be helpful in framing decentralized policies and 
      implementation of vertical programs to enhance the efficacy of various nutrition 
      interventions in priority districts of the country.
CI  - (c) 2021 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
FAU - Srivastava, Swati
AU  - Srivastava S
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
FAU - Chandra, Hukum
AU  - Chandra H
AD  - ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute (IASRI), India.
FAU - Singh, Shri Kant
AU  - Singh SK
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
FAU - Upadhyay, Ashish Kumar
AU  - Upadhyay AK
AD  - International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, India.
LA  - eng
PT  - Journal Article
DEP - 20210203
PL  - England
TA  - SSM Popul Health
JT  - SSM - population health
JID - 101678841
PMC - PMC8093462
OTO - NOTNLM
OT  - Generalized liner mixed model
OT  - National family health survey
OT  - Small area estimation
OT  - Spatial analysis
OT  - Stunting
COIS- None.
EDAT- 2021/05/18 06:00
MHDA- 2021/05/18 06:01
PMCR- 2021/02/03
CRDT- 2021/05/17 06:20
PHST- 2020/10/16 00:00 [received]
PHST- 2021/01/08 00:00 [revised]
PHST- 2021/01/30 00:00 [accepted]
PHST- 2021/05/17 06:20 [entrez]
PHST- 2021/05/18 06:00 [pubmed]
PHST- 2021/05/18 06:01 [medline]
PHST- 2021/02/03 00:00 [pmc-release]
AID - S2352-8273(21)00023-9 [pii]
AID - 100748 [pii]
AID - 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100748 [doi]
PST - epublish
SO  - SSM Popul Health. 2021 Feb 3;14:100748. doi: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2021.100748. 
      eCollection 2021 Jun.